The injury done to the brain in this case is the same as in apoplexy, with the exception of the clot. It is essentially congestion of the brain. Persons who are exposed by necessity of pursuit to the extreme heat of the sun, should be protected by a wet cloth or cabbage-leaves placed on the head and under a light hat. The symptoms are first dizziness, followed by intense headache. Thirst becomes excessive, the pulse indistinct at the wrist, violent throbbing of the carotid and temporal arteries, and insensibility ensues by a convulsive shivering of the body.

TREATMENT. -- Place the patient immediately in a cool and shady place, and instantly apply, copiously, cold water, or, what is better, pounded ice in a bag, to the head. Make friction over his legs to relieve the congested state of the brain. Application of turpentine by friction on the spine is also of service. Inhalation of ammonia or hartshorn is beneficial, and a small quantity of the carbonate of that substance may be given internally. Continue this treatment until the patient is out of danger, or until death ensues. In plethoric patients, bleeding from the arm is required, and in this instance only is bleeding advisable. After the patient becomes conscious and apparently out of danger, he is to be removed to his home, and a brisk cathartic administered, to effect revulsion. In no case should he be allowed again to expose himself to sun during the first four or five days after the occurrence of the sunstroke. The application of water or ice to the head should be abandoned by gradual increase of temperature, to prevent any reaction.