(Acidum Carbolicum, U. S. P. 1890.)

Definition. - Hydroxybenzene, obtained either from coal tar by fractional distillation and subsequent purification, or made synthetically. It should contain not less than 96 per cent. of absolute phenol.

Description and Properties. - Colorless, interlaced, or separate needle-shaped crystals, or a white, crystalline mass, sometimes acquiring a reddish tint, having a characteristic, somewhat aromatic, odor, and, when copiously diluted with water, a sweetish taste, with a slightly burning after-taste. Deliquescent on exposure to damp air.

Soluble in about 19.6 parts of water, the solubility varying according to the degree of hydration of the acid; very soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzol, carbon disulphide, glycerin, and fixed and volatile oils. It is liquefied by the addition of about 8 per cent. of water. The vapor of the acid is highly inflammable. Carbolic acid is faintly acid to litmus-paper. It should be kept in dark amber-colored, well-stoppered bottles.

Dose. - 1/2-2 grains (0.03-0.12 Gm.). If liquefied, 1-2 minims (0.03-0.12 Cc.) [1 grain (0.65 Gm.), U. S. P.].

Official Preparations

Glyceritum Phenolis - Glyceriti Phenolis - Glycerite of Phenol (20 per cent.) [5 minims (0.3 Cc), U. S. P.]. - For external use.

Ungufintum Phenolis - Ungufenti Phenolis - Ointment of Phenol (3 per cent.). - For external use.