This section is from the book "A Text-Book Of Materia Medica, Pharmacology And Therapeutics", by George F. Butler. Also available from Amazon: A text-book of materia medica, pharmacology and therapeutics.
Weights - | Approximate. | Exact. |
1 milligram, 0.001 (mg.). | 1/60 or 1/65 grain | 0.0154 grain. |
1 centigram, 0.01 (eg.). | 1/6or10/65 grain. | 0.1543 grain. |
1 decigram, 0.l (dg.). | 1 1/2 grains. | 1.5432 grains. |
1 gram, 1.0 (Gm.). | 15 grains. | 15.4324 grains. |
30 grams, 30.0 (Gm.). | 1 ounce. | 462.9 grains. |
31 grams. I ounce Troy or 480 grains. | 478.4 grains. | |
1 grain (gr. j). | 0.065 or 0.06 Gm. | 0.065 Gm. |
10 grains (gr. x). | 0.65 or 0.7 Gm. | 0.648 Gm. |
15 grains (gr. xv). | 1.0 Gm. | 0.972 Gm. |
1 scruple (j). | 1.3 Gm. | 1.296 Gm. |
1 dram (3j). | 4 Gm. | 3.89 Gm. |
1 ounce, troy (3j). | 30 or 31 Gm. | 31.1 Gm. |
1 ounce, avoirdupois (oz.). | 28 Gm. | 28.35 Gm. |
Measures - | ||
1 cubic centimeter (c.c). | 15 minims. | 16.23 minims. |
1 liter (1000 c.c). | 34 ounces. | 33.8 Cc. |
1 minim (m). | 0.06 Cc. | 0.061 Cc. |
1 fluidram (f 3j). | 4 Cc. | 3.696 Cc. |
1 fluidounce (f 3j). | 30 Cc. | 29.57 Cc. |
1 pint (Oj). | 480 Cc. | 473.18 Cc. |
Lengths - | ||
1 meter (m.). | 40 inches. | 39.37 inches. |
1 decimeter (dm.). | 4 inches. | 3.937 inches. |
1 centimeter (cm.). | 0.4 or 2/3 inch. | 0.3937 inch. |
1 inch. | 2.5 cm. | 2.54 centimeters. |
As these equivalents are only approximate, it is well to learn the foregoing "Table of Equivalents" and to avoid multiplying the equivalent of any term by too large a factor, for this likewise multiplies the error. For example: 6 centigrams are approximately 1 grain, but 60 grains are not 36o centigrams, the error for the equivalent of 1 grain being multiplied sixty times; 60 grains are 1 dram, and the approximate equivalent of 1 dram is 4 grams or 4.00 centigrams, a much larger figure.
N. B. - It is perfectly legitimate for a physician to use approximate equivalents, for in using equivalents he is merely translating, for his own understanding, prescriptions which have been already written. A pharmacist should not need to translate at all, because he should have at hand both the metric and apothecaries' weights and measures, and use whichever the prescription calls for.
 
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