This section is from the book "Practical Materia Medica And Prescription Writing", by Oscar W. Bethea. Also available from Amazon: Practical Materia Medica and Prescription Writing.
The following has been ordered as a spray in the treatment of rhinitis, nasal catarrh, etc.:

As 2 minims cannot well be measured in the average pharmacy, it would probably be well to prescribe drops.
Atomizers are usually so constructed that a larger amount of the liquid would be necessary for the best results if the treatment was many times repeated.
It would be well to indicate in the directions the use of the preparation.

This character of remedy is usually employed to follow an aqueous cleansing spray.
The tendency of the profession seems to be to make their oil solutions rather irritating by ordering too much of the volatile oils.
Particular attention is called to the use of the official liquid petrolatum as a vehicle to replace less ethical products.
Ordered for the use of the physician as a local application in the treatment of follicular tonsillitis.

It is preferable for many reasons for the prescriber to specify the actual amount of each ingredient.
This, of course, would be too dangerous a preparation for the layman to use, and when having the patient purchase for the physician's use it is better to so specify.
It would be well to order the bottle labeled "Poison" or "Not to be taken."

This method of writing for a percentage solution prevents the possibility of trouble through mathematical error on the part of some incompetent clerk. It enables the prescriber to specify distilled water.
A Poison or Not to be taken label is certainly desirable.
In some instances the physician, in having the patient get medicine for his own use, can to advantage order the formula for a label, as: Sig.-Formula.
Creosotum does not have the genitive ending ae.
B. W., standing for beechwood, is now useless and unnecessary.
It is unnecessary to specify that solution be made.
The directions are too long.

For a case of acute bronchitis.

Written instructions as to the use of this should be left with the family. It is usually employed by the patient holding the head over pitcher or by making a tent to cover both. An open newspaper answers very well. It must be prepared fresh for each inhalation. It may be administered to small children during sleep.
Prescribed as an inhalation in rhinitis with involvement of the accessory sinuses.

The name of the patient should be given.
The proper termination is not used for the genitive of menthol. Spiritus Rectificatus is not the proper name of the drug desired. When a liquid is not to be taken internally the first word of the directions should so indicate.
The directions are too long for the size of the label available.

This should not be used for a young child on account of the effect of menthol on the eyes. Patients should be instructed to keep the eyes tightly closed while using.
Written instructions should be left with patient as to frequency and duration of inhalation. Usually for about five minutes two to four times a day.
This is frequently employed in certain forms of asthma.
The Compound Tincture of Benzoin is frequently used instead of the Alcohol.
Prescribed as a wet dressing for an infected hand.

Information as to the age of the patient should be given. The quantity of the salt can be better expressed. A soluble salt of mercury should never be ordered in ordinary water. A solution of this character should usually be prescribed in a more economical form.
A poison label should be ordered.

As did the other prescription, this gives a solution of about 1 to 5000.
The economy of the above is self-evident, as the druggist usually considers bulk an important factor in determining price.
The value of the addition of tartaric acid hardly needs discussion.
Written instructions should be given the family as to changing the dressing to prevent too great concentration by evaporation, also as to frequency of use, etc.

The full name of the patient may well be omitted.
The salt is only partially soluble in the amount of vehicle ordered.
Distilled water should be used.
The word douche may be omitted as the "gallon of hot water" would prevent other use of the remedy, and more complete instructions should be left with the patient, anyway.

More complete written instructions should, of course, be left with patient. These may include the position of patient, elevation of reservoir, temperature of the water, etc.
It will be noted that the above gives a solution of about 1 to 5000.
It is a convenient method of prescribing the drug.

Prescribed for earache in a child 5 years old.
The prescription should be better placed on the sheet.
Carbolic Acid is not the official name of the drug wanted.
Carbolic Acid is a solid; so should not be prescribed by minims.
Glycerin is the English name of the drug.
If 1 fluidounce of the mixture is wanted the glycerin should be q. s.
More definite directions. should be used, particularly as this is a poison for local use.
Phenol is a crystalline solid; so should be prescribed in grains.
Liquefied phenol is a liquid obtained by melting phenol and adding 10 per cent. of water so that it will not recrystallize.
While 1 ounce is far in excess of the needs of the patient it is not usually advisable to order less of a fluid, as there is no saving in price, and the ounce bottle is more convenient for label, handling, etc.

Ordered as a local application for tonsillitis, enlarged cervical glands, etc.
Even in the case of children it is best to employ the correct name. The surname should also be given.
The quantity is too large for the purpose desired.
Tr. is not the best abbreviation for tincture.
Iodidi is not the genitive for the Latin name of Iodine.
Margins should be better observed.


"Paint the neck"was probably not sufficiently definite, as only a comparatively small part is usually to be covered. It is best, when possible, for the physician to make the first application to show family the method of applying and the area to be covered.
An application will sometimes be kept up indefinitely unless instructions are given as to when to discontinue.
This constitutes the well-known "Iodine and Aconite" of the dentist. It is used by them for toothache, etc.

Used with massage on a patient suffering from soreness following violent exercise.
Chloroform does not have the genitive ending is.
A prescriber should have some definite term for each purpose, and q. s. seems more desirable than ad, though the latter is entirely correct.
The quantity is too small for the purpose intended.
The directions may be improved upon.
This is probably best used following a hot bath.
It may be made to act as a better rubefacient by covering for a short time with the hands or a woollen cloth.
Camphor is sometimes added to the above.
The use of a liniment of this type is frequently preceded by the applications of hot turpentine steeps.

Prescribed as a local application in orchitis complicating mumps.
The arrangement on the sheet is not good.
Guaiacol is usually a liquid; so it is unnecessary to specify.
The majority of liquid prescriptions are for internal use. Such is understood where specifications are not to the contrary.
If a preparation is not to be administered by mouth the directions should, with rare exceptions, indicate the fact.


This is frequently used during the febrile stage.
As this usually lasts only about four days or less, a fluidounce is all that is necessary.
In prescriptions for local use it is better to have the first word of the directions call attention to the fact that it is not to be taken.
Prescribed for a small superficial burn.

It would be better to order the ingredients by their official titles. Such a small quantity as a fluidrachm of a thick, tenacious liquid is best ordered by weight.
A shake-label should be used.
The total quantity should be made to suit containers in common use.

This does not make a clear solution, so should be shaken before used.
A larger percentage of the balsam is frequently employed, but may irritate if long applied.
Two fluidounces of a preparation of this character will usually be dispensed at the same price as the above.
 
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