1 North American

Chalybeate Mineral Springs.

Bailey Springs, Lauderdale County, Alabama.

These springs contain carbonates of potassa, soda, magnesia, carbonic-acid gas, oxide of iron, etc.

Rawley Springs, Rockingham County, Virginia.

Carbonate of iron (0·203 grain) is the most important ingredient in these waters. They contain, also, carbonates of manganese, magnesia, lime, and lithia, and sulphates, etc.

Sweet Chalybeate Springs, Alleghany County, Virginia.

The name of this water is derived from its sweetish taste. It is highly charged with carbonic-acid gas, and contains sesquioxide of iron, with sulphate of lime (4·110 grains), sulphates of magnesia and soda, and chlorides of lime, sodium, magnesium, etc.

Rockbridge Alum Springs, Rockbridge County, Virginia.

Bath Alum, Bath County, Virginia.

These waters are remarkable for containing free sulphuric acid. They contain also sulphates of magnesia and lime, protoxide of iron, and carbonic-acid gas. The Bath Alum waters contain twice as much iron as the Rockbridge Alum

Bedford Alum Springs, Bedford County, Virginia.

Similar in composition to the above, but contain a larger proportion of iron, and of the salts of potassa, magnesia, and lime.

Bedford Springs, Bedford County, Pennsylvania.

This water contains carbonate of iron (0·625 grain) associated with a large proportion of sulphate of magnesia (10 grains), and is, therefore, a laxative chalybeate.

2. European

Bascombe, Bournemouth, Hampshire, England.

Chalybeate springs containing carbonic acid in combination,

Dorton, Buckinghamshire, England.

Contains sulphate of iron and is charged with carbonic acid. Requires dilution for drinking.

Hastings, Sussex, England.

Contains sulphates of iron, magnesia, lime, and soda.

Sandrock, Isle of Wight.

Is a strong aluminous chalybeate 4l½ grains of sulphate of iron, and 31½ grains of sulphate of alumina in twenty ounces—and therefore requires dilution for drinking.

Tunbridge, Kent, England. Altitude, 289' ; temperature, 50° Fahr.

This water contains one eighth of a grain of iron with carbonic acid, in twenty ounces.

Spa, Belgium. Altitude, 1,030'. Season, August and September. Temperature of water, 52° Fahr.

These waters contain carbonates of iron, manganese, soda, lime, and magnesia, etc., and are highly charged with carbonic acid.

Pyrmont, Waldeck. Altitude, 404'; mean annual temperature, 48·5° Fahr.

The quantity of carbonic-acid gas is unusually great in these waters. They contain sulphates of lime, soda, magnesia, and carbonates of iron, soda, magnesia, and lime.

Alexisbad, near Harzgerode, Germany.

Alexisbrunnen. Same.

Both contain iron and manganese in large quantity, and also carbonic-acid gas. The first named, being highly impregnated with chloride and sulphate of iron, is used for bathing, and the other for drinking.

Schwalbach, Nassau. Altitude, 909'. Season, June to September. Temperature, 64° Fahr.

According to the analysis of Fresenius, this valuable water contains bicarbonates of iron, manganese, soda, magnesia, and lime, sulphates of soda and potash, and chloride of sodium. It is very highly charged with carbonic acid.

St. Moritz, Upper Engadin, Switzerland. Altitude, 5,464'. Mean temperature of summer months, 51° Fahr.

These springs contain from ten to fourteen grains of solids in a pint, consisting of carbonates of lime, magnesia, manganese, iron, and soda, etc., and as much as 39·5 cubic inches of carbonic acid.