This section is from the "A Practical Treatise On Materia Medica And Therapeutics" book, by Roberts Bartholow. Also available from Amazon: A Practical Treatise On Materia Medica And Therapeutics
Lard. Saindoux, Fr.; Schweineschmalz, Ger.—Below the temperature of 86° Fahr. a soft solid.
Benzoinated lard. Lard, 1,000 grm.; benzoin, 20 grm.
Hydrous wool-fat. The purified fat of the wool of the sheep (Ovis aries, Linné) mixed with not more than 30 per cent of water.
Suet. Suif de mouton, Fr.; Schöpsentalg, Ger. The prepared suet of Ovis aries.
Almond-oil. Huile d'amandes, Fr.; Mandelnöl, Ger. The fixed oil obtained from the kernel of the fruit of the Amygdalus communis.
Cacao-butter. Beurre de cacao, Fr.; Cacaobutter, Ger. The concrete oil of the kernels of the fruit of Theobroma cacao.
Olive or sweet oil. Huile d'olive, Fr.; Olivenöl, Ger. The fixed oil obtained from the fruit of Olea Europoea.
Cotton-seed oil. A fixed oil expressed from the seed of Gossypium herbaceum, and subsequently purified.
Lard is composed of 38 per cent of stearin and margarin and 62 per cent of olein, and olive-oil of 72 per cent of olein and 28 per cent of margarin. The more solid fats, as suet, contain much stearin. These neutral fats are, chemically, combinations of an acid (stearic, palmitic, margaric, oleic) with a base, glycerin.
[Vaseline; cosmoline].—A semi-solid substance, consisting of hydrocarbons, chiefly of the marsh-gas series. A yellowish, or yellow, fat-like mass, transparent in thin layers, completely amorphous, tasteless, and odorless; insoluble in water, scarcely soluble in alcohol, but readily soluble in ether, chloroform, oil of turpentine, etc.
 
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