Since only one series of experiments was made with Squad A and that on the last day of diet restriction, the basal values for this group of subjects prior to diet restriction are lacking. We must accordingly rely for controls first upon the series with Squad B on full diet, and second, so far as necessary, upon the series of observations made upon normals in the Nutrition Laboratory.

Such a comparison may reasonably be made, for, in the first place, with Squads A and B we are dealing with similar groups of men; second, the average nude weight of the individuals in the two squads differed but 1 kg. from each other. The men were of reasonably uniform age, and represent homogeneous material drawn from the college body. In other words, the average body-weight and general condition of Squads A and B were essentially the same prior to the reduction in diet, so that any change in metabolism of Squad A as a whole may not illogically be compared to the normal values for Squad B. Attention should, however, be called to the fact that Squad B did exhibit apparently a seasonal variation, as pointed out in an earlier section. We are hereby assuming that the same seasonal variation would have been shown by Squad A; in other words, that the basal metabolism of Squad A would be as low as that of Squad B.

The preliminary standing tests with Squad A have been previously discussed; the data which are used for the computation of the increments are drawn from table 137.

The metabolism measurements and the computations for the heat during walking have been summarized for all the members of Squad A in table 142. The uniformity in distance walked is here again shown.

The respiratory quotients, with three exceptions, Gar, Gul, and Tom, are not far from those to be expected from men on the character of the diet employed. It seems quite clear that the quotients over 0.90 are not correct. It may or may not be significant that two of these high values, 0.89 and 0.93, are associated with the lowest horizontal kilogrammeter factors. We see no reason, however, for excluding these values from the averages. The total heat (column h) represents reasonably close conformity with the body-weight. The total heat required in walking 10 km., as recorded in the last column, shows the average for this squad is 484 calories. The actual amount of work performed is given in column d, from which the heat output on the unit basis of a horizontal kilogrammeter is obtained (column k). These constants when compared to the normal values in table 139, are seen to be remarkably uniform, varying only from 0.449 with Gar to 0.600 with Vea.

Table 142. - Increase In The Heat Output During Walking In Treadmill Chamber And The Computed Total Heat Required In Walking 10 Km. - Squad A, 120 Days Restricted Diet, February 3, 1918

1 Equivalent to 4.2 km. (2.6 miles) per hour, at rate of 70 meters per minute.