This section is from the book "Paint And Varnish Facts And Formulae", by J. N. Hoff. Also available from Amazon: The Industrial And Artistic Technology Of Paint And Varnish.
In general, rub the spots carefully with a rag moistened slightly with a mixture containing equal parts of raw linseed oil, turpentine and alcohol. When the spots disappear, polish with ordinary blotting paper.
To clean paint, use a piece of flannel dampened with warm water and dipped in dry whiting. Apply to the painted surface and rub, which will remove grease and dirt readily.
Take unslacked lime, dilute with alcohol and paint the spots with it. The lime forms a layer through which the stains will not again appear.
Boil together for 15 minutes, 1-4 pound of soap, 1-4 pound of whiting and 1 ounce of washing soda. Rub this over the marble while hot. Wash off the next day and polish with a coarse flannel.
To remove grease and stains from boards, use a paste of clay and water spread over the surface to be cleaned. A mixture of 5 parts fuller's earth and 1 part each, of pearl ash and soft soap boiled together with enough water to make a paste, applied and allowed to remain a few hours, then washed off with soap, will remove dirt and grease readily.
Ink can be removed with muriatic acid. After applying the acid, wash with water.
Clean the iron from rust and go over the surface with hot, raw linseed oil, or, if the article is small, heat it before applying the oil. Apply the paint on this as soon as the oil becomes tacky. Wood exposed to dampness can be treated in the same way.
To remove rust: use a mixture of paraffine oil and powdered emery, rubbed on with a cloth.
A protection to the iron is given by applying a varnish made of 1 part of paraffine wax dissolved in 15 parts of benzine.
Mix salt with lemon juice and rub on the rusty article. Soak the article to be cleaned in kerosene oil or wrap it in rags saturated with that liquid. Allow the oil plenty of time to loosen the rust, at least one or two days. Then scour the rust spots with brick dust or pumice stone. If much rust is to be removed, use hot commercial sulphuric acid diluted with water, to which add salt. Scour well, and wash with clean boiling water and polish, if desired, with some sweet oil applied to a flannel rag.
 
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