This section is from the book "The Carpenters, Joiners, Cabinet Makers, And Gilders' Companion", by F. Reinnel. Also available from Amazon: The carpenters, joiners, cabinet makers, and gilders' companion.
Where the object is to give a high finish. Paint the work with a color composed of the finest white lead and yellow ochre, in such proportions that the color shall be as near as possible to the color of the gold to be employed, mixed with oil (not boiled,) and turpentine, till of the consistence of thin paint; this should be laid on evenly, and allowed to dry thoroughly, then repeat it till it is perceived that the grain or roughness of the object to be gilt is entirely hidden. When the last coat is dry it must be rubbed perfectly smooth, first with a piece of pumice stone, and finished with a piece of woollen cloth and finely pounded pumic; and lastly, with putty powder, till it is smooth as glass. It must then be varnished over with fine lac varnish several times, applying a slight degree of heat after each coat to make the varnish flow smoothly over the surface. When the last coat of varnish is quite hard it must be polished; this is done by putting on a horse-hair glove, and rubbing the surface with this first, then with tripoli, applied with a piece of wet woollen cloth; and lastly, by wet putty powder, first applied with woollen cloth, then with the bare hand, till it is as bright as glass. It must then be varnished over with a thin coat (the thinner the better) of gold size and when sufficiently dry the gold is to be applied, beginning at the part that is dryest. When gilt, it is to be allowed to remain for two or three days, and then brushed over lightly with a camel's hair brush to remove superfluous gold. It is next to be varnished with spirit varnish, applying heat as before, then varnished with copal varnish two or three times, allowing it to become perfectly hard between each coat; after the last coat of varnish it is finished by polishing, first with tripoli, applied with a soft cloth and water, and then with the bare hand and a little oil, and wiped dry.
 
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