A Course In Wood Turning | by Archie S. Milton, Otto K. Milton
This book is the outgrowth of problems given to high school pupils by the writers, and has been compiled in logical sequence. Stress is laid upon the proper use of tools, and the problems are presented in such a way that each exercise, or project, depends somewhat on the one preceding. It is not the idea of the writers that all problems shown should be made, but that the instructor select only such as will give the pupils enough preliminary work in the use of the tools to prepare them for other models following.
| Title | A Course In Wood Turning |
| Author | Archie S. Milton, Otto K. Milton |
| Publisher | The Bruce Publishing Company |
| Year | 1919 |
| Copyright | 1919, The Bruce Publishing Company |
| Amazon | A Course in Wood Turning |
Preface- This book is the outgrowth of problems given to high school pupils by the writers, and has been compiled in logical sequence. Stress is laid upon the proper use of tools, and the problems are presente...
- Chapter I. Introductory
- Wood turning has had a definite place in the commercial world for a great many years. It is used in various forms in making furniture and furniture parts, building trim, tool parts, toys, athletic par...
- Chapter II. The Lathe
- The sizes of turning lathes are given as 10, 12, etc. These figures denote the diameter, or size, of the largest piece of work that can be turned on them. The measurement is taken from the center po...
- Chapter III. Wood Turning Tools
- A wood turning kit should consist of one each of the following tools. Fig. 2 shows the general shape of these tools. 1 Gouge Gouge Gouge Gouge1 Skew&frac3...
- Skew Chisel
- The skew chisel is sharpened equally on both sides On this tool the cutting edge should form an angle of about 20 with one of the edges. The skew is used in cutting both to the right and to the l...
- Gouge
- The gouge used in wood turning is beveled on the outside and is ground so that the nose is approximately semi-circular in shape. The tool is a combination of the round nose chisel and the ordinary gou...
- Parting Tool
- The parting tool is sharpened on both sides. This tool differs from the ordinary chisel in that it is between and thick and only about wide at the widest point, which is ...
- Scraping Tools
- The round nose, square nose, spear point, right skew and left skew are scraping tools, used chiefly in pattern work and sometimes in face-plate work. They are sharpened on one side only, and the bevel...
- Chapter IV. Spindle Turning
- Spindle turning is the term applied to all work done on a lathe in which the stock to be worked upon is held firmly between the live and dead centers. There are two methods in common use in wood turni...
- Chapter V. Tool Processes In Spindle Turning
- Exercise A-I--1-A. Straight Cuts 1. Straight Cuts, a ...
- Exercise A-I--2-A. Shoulder Cuts
- 2. Shoulder Cuts, a-b-c-d 1. Turn A Cylinder To The Largest Diameter Required 2. Lay Off Measurements With Rule And Pencil 3. With the gouge (where space permits) or the parting tool (in narro...
- Exercise A-I--3-A. Taper Cuts
- Fig. 10. Calipering for New Diameters. For all diameters on tapers the calipers should be set 1/16 larger than the desired measurement in order to avoid working under size in the finishing cut whic...
- Exercise A-I--4-A. V Cutting
- In cutting V's a small skew is almost always used and the cutting is done with the heel. Place the chisel square on the tool rest so that the cutting edge is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder...
- A-I--5-A. Concave Cuts
- The concave cuts as a rule will give the pupil considerable trouble at first owing to the fact that the grind, which forms the cutting edge and which must be held perpendicular to the cylinder at the ...
- A-I--6-A. Convex Cuts
- The convex cut, or Bead as it is usually called, is generally considered the hardest cut to make.--The cut is made with the heel of a small skew chisel, usually the or . After the ...
- A-I--7-A--Combination Cuts
- These exercises are so designed as to include one or more of each of the foregoing cuts. The student here is given an opportunity of combining these cuts into one finished product. Fig. 13. An anal...
- A-II--1-A. Chisel Handles
- At this point it is well to state that the small end of all work should be turned at the dead center. In the case of chisel handles the socket or ferrule end is at the dead center where the stock can ...
- A-II--2 And 3. Mallets And Gavels
- The biggest source of trouble in these models is getting the handles to fit true. This is caused by not getting the hole in the head straight. Turn the head to a cylinder 3/16 larger than the finish...
- A-II--7. Vise Handles
- Turn the spindle with the solid head to dimensions. Bore a hole through a 1 square block and fit the block snugly to the end of the spindle. Turn this block to the same dimensions as the othe...
- 1. The Roughing Cut (Large Gouge)
- FIG. 4. Place the gouge on the rest so that the level is above the wood and the cutting edge is tangent to the circle or surface of the cylinder. The handle should be held well down. Fig. 4. Roll t...
- 2. The Sizing Cut (Small Gouge)
- Set the calipers to the required diameter of the cylinder. With a small gouge held in the right hand scrape grooves about 1 apart, holding the calipers in the left hand perpendicular to the cylinder...
- 3. The Smoothing Cut (Large Skew)
- FIG. 6. Lay the skew chisel on the rest with the cutting edge above the cylinder and at an angle of about 60 to the surface. Slowly draw the chisel back and at the same time raise the handle unt...
- 5. Measuring For Length (Rule And Pencil)
- FIG. 7. Hold the back edge of the rule in the left hand and place it on the tool rest so that the front edge is almost in contact with the revolving cylinder. With a sharp pencil mark off the require...
- 6. Squaring Ends (Small Skew And Parting Tool)
- FIG. 8. This operation is done with the toe or acute angle of the or skew chisel. Place the chisel square on the tool rest. Swing the handle out from the cylinder so that the grin...
- 7. Cutting Off (Small Skew). Fig. 9
- After both ends have been squared cut away stock, at both ends, to leave just enough to hold the cylinder from separating from the waste ends. With the chisel held in the right hand in the same posit...
- Chapter VI. Oval Turning
- Oval work as a problem in turning will be found to be a very good one as well as interesting to the pupil. It brings in the principle of the oval as used in ordinary shop practice; (arcs from points o...
- Chapter VII. Duplicate Turning
- Under the head of duplicate turning have been classified only such models as clearly indicate the necessity of making two or more articles to complete the model or set of articles desired. But it is n...
- Chapter VIII. Finishing And Polishing
- To get a high and lasting polish on wood, the work must be first sanded so as to be perfectly smooth. In addition to this, open grained wood, such as oak, must be properly filled with a wood filler. I...
- Chapter IX. Face-Plate And Chuck Turning
- Face-plate and chuck turning open an entirely new field of work from that taken up in previous chapters of this book. If handled correctly, it has much greater educational and practical value than cyl...
- Chuck Models
- 1. Towel Rings, a-b-c 2. Card Trays, a-b-c-d 3. Picture Frames, a-b-c-d 4. Nut Bowels, a-b-c-d 5. Napkin Rings, a-b-c 6. Jewel Boxes, a-b-c-d-e-f-g-h 7. Collar Boxes, a-b-c 8. Sph...
- Chapter X. Tool Processes In Face-Plate And Chuck Turning
- B-I--1-A. Straight Cuts 1. Roughing Off Corners ( GOUGE.) FIG. 14. The tool rest is set crosswise to the bed of the lathe and parallel to the face of the stock. Place the gouge on the rest...
- B-I--2-A. Shoulder Cuts
- 1. External Shoulders FIG. 18. The surplus stock at each successive shoulder is roughed out with a gouge, keeping well outside the finished measurements. The gouge for this work is held in ...
- B-I--3-A. Taper Cuts
- Taper cutting will not be found hard as the gouge and skew chisel are used in the same manner as described in B-I--1-a, Steps 4 and 5. After the stock has been roughed away with the gouge to the appro...
- B-I--4-A. V Cuts
- V cutting will also be found easy as the tool process is exactly the same as that used in spindle turning. Exercise A-I--4-a. Fig. 20. 4. V Cuts, a-b 4. V Cuts, a-b ...
- B-I--5-A. Concave Cuts
- Place the gouge on the rest with the handle parallel to the bed of the lathe. Roll the gouge on its edge and swing the handle so that the grind is perpendicular to the stock with the nose of...
- B-I--6-A. Convex Cuts
- Rough out the stock between the beads with a parting tool. Hold the edge of the gouge on the rest with the handle, parallel to the bed of the lathe, to make the nose the cutting point. Swing the han...
- B-I--7-A. Combination Cuts
- As in spindle turning, a combination exercise should be given at this point to provide an opportunity for studying out the best methods of working the various cuts just described into a finished produ...
- Use Of Scraping Tools
- When scraping is to be employed, it should be done with only those tools that are made for that purpose, i.e., Square Nose, Round Nose, Spear Point, Right and Left Skew. The handling of these tools wi...
- Internal Boring
- In roughing out the center for Napkin Rings, Jewel Boxes, etc., the quickest method is to work it out with a small gouge. Place the gouge on the rest parallel to the bed of the lathe, having the poin...
- B-III--8-A. Sphere
- After the sphere is turned as nearly perfect as is possible when working between centers (Steps 1 to 4) it is cut free from the waste stock and is centered in a chuck. The chuck is made of any soft w...
- Chapter XI. Spiral Turning
- Spiral turning is a subject that has received very little attention by most schools in which wood turning is taught. Spiral work is seen in antique furniture and also in the modern furniture of the pr...
- Plates B-V--1-A, B-V--1-A. Single Spiral. Straight Shaft
- To work out a single spiral for a pedestal proceed as follows: 1. Turn a cylinder 2 in diameter. Make the ends slightly larger in order that the design may be turned on each, after the spira...
- Plates B-V--2-A, B-V--2-A, B-V--2-A;. Single Spiral. Tapered Shaft
- To lay off a single spiral for the electric lamp shown in Figs. 24 and 24a proceed as follows: 1. Select Your Wood And Bore A Hole Through It Plug the hole and center the piece in the lathe. This in...
- Plates B-V--2-B, B-V--2-B. Double Spiral. Tapered Shaft
- To work out a double spiral for the electric lamp illustrated in Fig. 25 proceed as follows: 1. Turn Up The Spindle In The Usual Manner Since the base of the shaft is larger than the top, the spiral...
- Plates B-V--3-A, B-V--3-A. Double Groove Spiral. Straight Shaft
- To work out the double groove spiral for the magazine holder illustrated, proceed as follows: 1. Square up the stock to 1. Center carefully and turn the design on both ends as shown, in the ...
- Assembling Exercises
- 1. Candle Sticks, a-b-c-d-e 2. Shaving Stands, a-a-b-b 3. Reading Lamp Stands, a-b-c 4. Pedestals, a 5. Smoking Stands, a-b 6. Pin Cushions and Spool Holder, a 7. Chess...
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