This section is from the book "Handy Man's Workshop And Laboratory", by A. Russell Bond. Also available from Amazon: Handy Man's Workshop And Laboratory.
There are various roadside expedients possible when a nut has been lost and no duplicate is at hand. Usually as good a plan as any is to wind the threads of the bolt tightly with soft iron wire, such as stovepipe wire, of which a coil should always be carried in the tool locker. The winding should start at the end of the bolt, and follow the threads up to the part it is desired to retain. The wire is then wound back in a second layer over the first, and the ends twisted together. If there is a hole in the bolt for a cotter pin, one should be inserted, and the end of the wire twisted around it, so that the improvised "nut" cannot screw itself off from the bolt.
 
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