Mr. Greenwood (quoted by Mrs. Arnold-Forster) finds his dreams of the same high imaginative order and takes the same enjoyment in the dreaming of them: and so have many others.

What is still needed, as the author has pointed out,' is systematic and accurate recording of their dreams by many persons, and the correlation of the phenomena with identical phenomena occurring in certain other states of the waking mental life. If this were done, we should be surprised to find what a great variety of forms and structure dreams have, how greatly they differ in type, and in the mental processes involved. We thus should have the material from which we could safely construct theories of mechanisms that would satisfy the different types. After the collection of this varied material, we could then begin, with greater safety, to analyse and interpret. In some we should find symbolism, in others none; in some repressed wishes, in others unrepressed wishes, or fears, doubts, and scruples; in some sex urgings, in others the urgings of one or more of the other various innate instincts which are the prime movers of human behaviour; in some the solution of problems which have baffled our waking consciousness, in others the mere illogical fantasies of a weak, dissociated extract of our mental selves; in some the reproduction of memories, and living over again in realistic form previous actual experiences, in others imaginary episodes or apparent super-knowledge constructed out of previous information; in some incongruous, grotesque phantasmagoria in cinema-like scenes, in others romances or well-constructed fantasies requiring for their invention a large system of thought and an intelligence and imagination comparable to the waking self-consciousness. And in some we should find that the dream, as in waking life, is only the manifested expression of deeper-lying subconscious processes; and in some, probably in most, that it is just what it appears to be - nothing more.

The drawback to such collections, apart from the rareness of the capacity to remember and record accurately, would be, I fear, the dullness of reading them. The emotional tones which give the pleasure or induce the anguish of the dream in the dreamer cannot be reproduced in a verbal record; nor do they 'always correspond to the dream action or images, and hence no description can reproduce them. They are integral elements of the personal self which contributes them. The study of dream collections would appeal only to the psychologist, and then only to one specially interested in such mental phenomena. Every one, we can safely say, is not endowed with the gift of imagination to dream such delightful romances, tales of adventure, and fantasies in general as the gifted dreamer of these dreams, who finds in her nightly pilgrimages "into the enchanted country that lies beyond" a release from the toil of the day and compensation for "the sad and anxious waking hours" that "life brings to all of us." Undoubtedly, as the author tells us, this dream imagination has been cultivated, and can be cultivated and directed, to a certain extent, by any one who has the persistence and desire.

But a natively endowed and cultured imagination is probably essential as a prerequisite for romance of a high order, as it is for analogous feats by the waking self. We see what is practically the same phenomenon manifested in waking life, not by that system of thought called the "self" or self-consciousness, but by a shunted-off, dissociated system which has gained its liberty and acquired independent activity.

Such a system is commonly called subconscious, but it is subconscious only because the "self" is still awake. Let the "self " go to sleep, or be put to sleep by some hypnotic or other device, and the shunted-off system, escaping from its subterranean prison, is now dominant, is indeed a self, free to romance as it pleases. But before, while still shut-up, or perhaps it were better expressed shut-out, of the awareness of the self-consciousness, it was free to indulge in imaginings without much restraint, much as the prisoners confined and forgotten in the French Bastille were free to indulge their imagination in romances though other liberty was denied them. I have quite a collection of written romances, written by a subconscious self while within its own Bastille, and songs and music and the invention of a strange new logistic language have not failed to find a mode of expression. True subconscious dreams they are, fabricated by a newly constellated mental system that was reconstructed out of the self-conscious or personal system - out of the jetsam and flotsam of conscious experiences; the discarded, or forgotten, or repressed memories, wishes, ideas, and imaginings.

I am unable to see that such a system and its fabrications differ in principle from the " Dream Mind," as Mrs. Arnold-Forster aptly calls it, and its fabrications. Both may, and at times do, have their own respective subconscious processes butting in, modifying or determining their dreams.

Furthermore, both kinds of dreams can be cultivated, directed, and to a large extent controlled. (Mrs. Arnold-Forster has shown how she has learned to "control" her own dreams, and I may add to hers the testimony of experimentally controlled dreams in one of my subjects by suggestion even to the extent of directing the theme of the dream.)1 Simple commonplace subconscious writings, the vaporings of the ouija board, the so-called trance state and the fabrications of spiritualistic "mediums" may be, and generally are, nothing more than "subconscious" day-dreams, manifestations of subconscious memories identical in principle with normal nocturnal dreams. These subconscious dreams, it is well known, can be cultivated; which means that out of almost any material of the mind - memories, emotional impulses and instincts, acquired dispositions, etc. - a self-functioning system can be constellated and educated into a subconscious system manifesting itself in day-dreams. It is common experience that the more such manifestations are practised and encouraged to become a habit, the more readily they occur and the more highly developed becomes the intelligence of the system.