Sheba, Or Saba, in ancient geography, the capital city of the Sabaeans in Arabia Felix. Its exact site is unknown. The territory of the Sabaeans lay near the Red sea, and ran up to the borders of the desert. They were, partly at least, Semitic tribes, monarchically governed, the first child born in a certain number of noble families after the accession of a monarch being the presumptive heir to the throne. They held for centuries the keys of the commerce between Europe and India, and Egypt and Syria, produced and sold frankincense and aromatics, and were reputed for their opulence and luxury among the Hebrews, Greeks, and Romans. A queen of Sheba was attracted by the fame of Solomon to visit Jerusalem (1 Kings x. 1-13). The Sabaeans were ultimately subjected by the Himyarites. The traveller Nie-buhr was the first to assert that the country could never have produced gold, and that some of its finest spices and perfumes were probably imported. - The name of Saba was given by classical writers to other cities both on the Arabian and Ethiopian sides of the Red sea.

In the Hebrew Scriptures, in contradistinction from the Arabian Sheba, the region of the Ethiopian Sabaeans is called Seba.