Colmar (Under The Franks Columbaria), a city of Germany, capital of Upper Alsace, (formerly of the French department of Haut-Rhin), 40 m. S. S. W. of Strasburg; pop. in 1872, 23,045. It is situated near the foot of the Vosges mountains, on the Lauch and Fecht rivers, both tributaries of the 111, a feeder of the Rhine, and on the railway from Strasburg to Basel. Colmar is one of the chief seats of cotton manufacture in Germany, and possesses also various other manufactures. The principal factory for cotton prints employs about 1,200 persons. It has normal schools for teachers, a gymnasium, a public library with 60,000 volumes, a Bible and a literary society, a civil and military hospital, a theatre, a Protestant church, several Catholic churches, and Jewish synagogues. The cathedral is a Gothic edifice of the 14th century, containing a remarkable painting of Martin Schon, who was a native of Colmar. Gen. Rapp was also born there, and a monument has been erected to his memory. Colmar was made a free imperial city in the 13th century, figured conspicuously in the civil wars under Rudolph of Hapsburg and Adolphus of Nassau, was taken by the Swedes in 1632, and later by the French, returned for a time to Germany, but was retaken by Louis XIV., and annexed to France in 1697 by the treaty of Ryswick. In 1871 it was ceded with the rest of Alsace to Germany.