Francois Joseph Chabas, a French archaeologist, born at Briancon in 1817. He early devoted himself to scientific studies, and acquired eminence as one of the highest recent authorities on Egyptology. His first publication appeared in 1850, and his principal works are: Le papyrus onagique Harris (1861); Voyage d'un Egyptien en Syrie (1866); Les pas-teurs en Egypte (1868); and. Etudes sur Vanti-quite hstorique (1872). The last named work embodies his researches undertaken in consequence of the accidental discovery in 1805 of several flint knives in the bed of the Saone, and his subsequent extensive excavations in the same locality. Differing in opinion from most other archaeologists, he assigns a historical existence to many incidents hitherto reputed prehistoric, and avers that science has not yet demonstrated a very high antiquity for man antecedent to the historic period. His work comprises Egyptological speculation up to the present day, and his researches derived from original sources are presented in a series of disquisitions on the chronology, metals, implements, and arms, and on the knowledge of the horse and the camel of the ancient Egyptians. The most suggestive chapter treats of the nations known to the Egyptians, and the book closes with a consideration of so-called prehistoric localities, and with a description of the author's discoveries in the valley of the Saone.