Adelaide, a city and the capital of South Australia, about 6 m. from the E. shore of St. Vincent's gulf, and 515 m. N.W. of Melbourne; pop. (with Port Adelaide and Albert Town) about 30,000. It is divided by the river Tor-rens into N. and S. Adelaide, and surrounded by a semicircle of hills. The city was founded in 1836, and incorporated in 1S42. It possesses several fine squares, streets, and churches, a chamber of commerce, an assay office, and a botanical garden with a Conservatory. King William street is the central thoroughfare and Hindley street the chief business locality. It is united by railway with Port Adelaide, 6 m. N. W. of the city, through which passes most of the commerce of South Australia. There is a large export trade in cereals, wool, and minerals, especially copper.

A considerable amount of gold obtained from the mines discovered in 1852 is assayed at Adelaide. The export of wool exceeds 7,000,000 pounds annually. The annual shipment of fine copper is nearly 100,000 cwt. Since 1862 the greater part of the ore has been smelted in the colony. Adelaide has flouring mills, breweries, machine shops, brass and iron founderies, and manufactories of tobacco, soap, candles, earthenware, leather, and barilla. The total value of South Australian imports (including £93,392 bullion and specie) in 1869 was £2,754,770; of exports, £2,993,035; total tonnage of vessels, exclusive of coastwise, nearly 350,000. Most of this trade centres in Port Adelaide. Albert Town is a small village about 1 m. from the port. The public revenue of the city in 1869 was £773,351, and the expenditure £653,107. It is the seat of an Anglican and a Roman Catholic bishop.