Abraham Geiger, a German rabbi, orientalist, and Biblical critic, born in Frankfort, May 24, 1810. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg and Bonn, gaining in the latter the prize for a dissertation on the Hebrew sources of the Koran. In 1832 he became a rabbi at Wiesbaden, in 1838 at Breslau, in 1863 at Frankfort, and in 1869 at Berlin, which position he still holds (1874). His efforts to effect reforms in Judaism have rendered him one of the most conspicuous Jewish theologians in Europe. From 1835 to 1847 he edited the Zeitschrift far jadische Theologie, and in 1862 he started the Jadische Zeitsclirift far Wissenschaft und Leben, which he still continues. The most important of his writings are: Lehr- und Lesebnch zur Spraclie der Mischna (Breslau, 1845); Ur-sckrift und Uebersetzungen der Bibel (1857); and Das Judentlium und seine Gcscliichte (3 vols., 1865-'71; English translation of part i., New York, 1866).