Ernst Kuno Berthold Fischer, popularly known as Kuno Fischer, a German philosopher, born at Sandewalde, Silesia, July 23, 1824. He graduated at Halle, and taught philosophy at Heidelberg from 1850 to 1853, when he was suspended by the government of Baden, the reason not being assigned. He continued to reside at Heidelberg till 1855, when he went to Berlin, where permission to resume his profession was at first denied to him, but eventually granted in September, 1856, by the king at the instance of the university authorities. He had however already accepted a professorship at Jena, where he has since continued to bo one of the most eloquent exponents of modern philosophy. His principal works are Die Logik und Metaphysik, oder Wissenschaftslehre (1852), and Geschichte der neuern Philosophie (1854 et sea.), with masterly delineations of the systems of Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, and Kant. Fischer assumes for the period of transition a parallelism in reverse order with the lino of development of ancient philosophy, and states in the latter and. most important of his works that "the modern mind seeks to find a way out of the theological conception of the world, with which it is filled, to the problems of cosmology." He has also written on Bacon, Schiller, and Shakespeare, Geschichte der aus-wdrtigen Politik und Diplomatic im Reforma-tions-Zeitalter 1485-1550 (Gotha, 1874), etc.