1542. Thin Axle Grease

1542.    Thin Axle Grease. A thinner composition than the last is made with 1/2 pound soda, 1 gallon water, 1 gallon rape oil, and 1/4 pound tallow, or palm oil.

1543. French Liard for Lubrication

1543.    French Liard for Lubrication. The French compound, called liard, is thus made : Into 50 parts of finest rape oil put 1 part of caoutchouc, cut small. Apply heat until it is nearly all dissolved.

1544. Bavarian Anti-Friction Composition

1544.    Bavarian Anti-Friction Composition. This composition has been employed in Munich with success and economy to diminish friction in machinery. It consists of 101/2 parts pure hog's lard melted with 2 parts finely pulverized and sifted plumbago. The lard is first to bo melted over a moderate fire, then the plumbago is thoroughly mixed in, a handful at a time, with a wooden spoon, and stirred until the mixture is of a uniform composition. This is applied in its cold state with a brush to the pivots, the cogs of the wheels, etc., and seldom more than once in 24 hours. It was found that this composition replaced satisfactorily the oil, tallow and tar used in certain iron-works, and saved about four-fifths of the cost of those articles.

1545. Lubricator for Wagon Axles

1545.    Lubricator for Wagon Axles. Tallow, 8 pounds; palm oil, 10 pounds; and plumbago, 1 pound, make a good lubricator for wagon axles. A mixture of glycerine and plumbago makes a fine liquid lubricator.

1546. Mankettrick's Lubricating Compound

1546.       Mankettrick's Lubricating Compound. 4 pounds caoutchouc dissolved in spirits of turpentine, 10 pounds common soda, 1 pound glue dissolved in 10 gallons water, 10 gallons of oil thoroughly incorporated by assiduous stirring, adding the caoutchouc last.

1547. Anti-Attrition Grease

1547.    Anti-Attrition Grease. Grind together blacklead with four times its weight of lard or tallow. This is used to lessen friction in machinery, and to prevent iron rusting. It was once a patent article. Camphor is sometimes added, 7 pounds to the cwt.

1548. Anti-Friction Grease

1548.     Anti-Friction Grease. Boil together 13/4 cwt. tallow with 11/4 cwt. palm oil. "When boiling point is reached, allow it to cool to blood-heat, stirring it meanwhile, then strain through a sieve into a solution of 1/2 cwt. soda in 3 gallons water, mixing it well. The above is for summer. For winter, l1/4 cwt. tallow to 13/4 cwt. palm oil. Spring and autumn, 11/2 tallow, 11/2 palm oil.

1549. Watchmakers' Oil

1549.      Watchmakers' Oil. Prepared by placing a strip of clean lead in a small white glass bottle filled with olive oil, and exposing it to the sun's rays at a window for some time, till a curdy matter ceases to deposit, and the oil has become quite limpid and colorless. Used for fine work; does not get thick by age. (See No. 1551 (To Refine Oil for Fine Mechanism).) Or:- expose the finest porpoise oil to the lowest natural temperature attainable. It will separate into two portions, a thick, solid mass at the bottom, and a thin, oily supernatant liquid. This is to be poured off while at the low temperature named, and is then fit for use. Delicate clocks and watches are now lubricated with glycerine.

1550. To Prepare Oleine for Watchmakers' Use

1550.    To Prepare Oleine for Watchmakers' Use. Oleine is the liquid portion of oil and fat; by saponification it yields oleic acid. Almond or olive oil is agitated in a stout bottle with 7 or 8 times its weight of strong alcohol specific gravity .798, at nearly the boiling point, until the whole is dissolved; the solution is allowed to cool, after which the clear fluid is decanted from the stearine which has been deposited, and after filtration, the spirit is removed by distillation at a gentle heat. By exposure at a very low temperature it deposits any remaining stearine, and then becomes pure.

1551. To Refine Oil for Fine Mechanism

1551.    To Refine Oil for Fine Mechanism. Refined oil for fine mechanism can be prepared by putting zinc and lead shavings, in equal parts, into good Florence olive oil, and placing in a cool place till the oil becomes colorless. (See No. 1495 (Bancroft's Process for Refining Lubricating Oils).)