4785. Liquor of Soda; Solution of Soda; Soda Lye; Hard-Soap Lye; etc.

4785.      Liquor of Soda; Solution of Soda; Soda Lye; Hard-Soap Lye; etc.. The proportions are, crystallized carbonate of soda, 32 ounces (troy) ; recent quicklime, 9 ounces (troy); boiling water, 1 gallon; the lime being slacked with a little of the water. The product is stated to have specific gravity 1.061, and to contain about 5 per cent, of pure caustic soda. The process by which the above is made is similar to that noticed under " Liquor of Potassa." The test of its purity, and uses, are also the same. (See Nos. 4784 (Liquor of Potassa; Solution of Potash; Soft-Soap Lye) and 102.)

4786. Solution of Chloride of Lime

4786.    Solution of Chloride of Lime. This solution, usually called bleaching liquor, is prepared of 1 part chloride of lime to 10 parts of distilled water (both by weight). That is, 2 ounces to the pint, or 1 pound to the gallon. This is the ordinary strength of that of the shops; but in that which is sold as Concentrated Solution of Chloride of Lime, the proportions are usually 3 parts of the chloride to 20 of water. That is, 11/2 pounds per gallon. The British Pharmacopoeia directs the chloride to be triturated with the water in a wedgwood-ware or porcelain mortar, and having transferred the whole to a stoppered bottle, to be well shaken, several times, for the space of 3 hours ; lastly, the solution is to be filtered through muslin, and preserved in a stoppered bottle. The specific gravity of that of the Pharmacopoeia is 1.035. On the largo scale, the ingredients are usually placed in a carboy, or a stone-ware bottle, which they will only £ or £ fill, and, after being corked or bunged close, agitated frequently for a day or two. A cork or bung of bees' wax or gutta-percha should be used for the purpose, unless the vessel is a stoppered one. After repose for 2 or 3 days, the clear portion is decanted through a funnel choked with crushed glass into bottles. The last should bo closely corked (preferably stoppered), and kept in a cool and dark place. Nothing metallic should be allowed to come in contact with it. (See No. 104 (To Make Bleaching Liquor).) A better plan of filtering the above is as follows: The neck of the funnel should be choked with some fragments of broken glass, over which a layer of smaller ones should be placed, and, over all, a thick layer of coarsely powdered glass. This is all the filtration necessary, and is much superior to that ordered in the Pharmacopoeia, as the contact with the muslin, and the longer exposure, weaken the solution. The U. S. Pharmacopoeia directs the solution of chloride of lime to be prepared by mixing 12 troy ounces muriatic acid with 1/2 pint distilled water; gradually adding 6 troy ounces marble in small pieces. Towards the close of the effervesence, apply a gentle heat, and, Then the action has ceased, pour off the clear liquid, and evaporate to dryness. Dis-solve the residue in 11/2 times its weight of distilled water, and filter through paper.