NORWICH                                                  1362                                           NOVA SCOTIA

tols, files, iron pipes, and has large leather belt factory, also tanneries and iron works. The town is well-known for its schools; Norwich Free Academy, an incorporated and heavily endowed institution, takes the place of a high school. An art school, a fine art museum and manual training are connected with this academy. The land on which it stands was given to an Englishman by Un-cas, the chief of the Mohicans, in 1656. Population 28,219.

Norwich, the capital of Norfolk, England, a municipal county and parliamentary borough, lies on the Wensum, 114 miles from London, and covers an area of about 10,000 acres. It contains Pull's Ferry and Bishop's Bridge (1295), St. Giles' Hospital (1249), Ethelbert gateway (1300), Guildhall (1413), the music house, Bridewell and Dolphin inn, — all old buildings. It also has a cathedral, founded in 1096, which has a spire 315 feet high. The principal manufactures are crapes, mustard, starch, ironware, and boots and shoes. The city in olden times was often plundered by the Danes, then burned by Sweyn and held by Canute. It has been the seat of 65 bishops. Population 111,733.

Nose, the external organ containing the nostrils and connected with the sense of smell. Many lower animals possess the power of smell but have no nose. The nose proper begins in the vertebrate animals. The nostrils serve as paths for air into the respiratory passages. They lead also into the chamber of the nose, which is divided by a flat bony partition into right and left sides. The walls of each cavity are convoluted (turbinated bones), and covered with a soft membrane from which the nerves of smell pass to the brain. The sense-cells, which are especially modified for smelling, are located in the membrane, and the nerve fibers forming the olfactory nerve grow from them. The olfactory nerve usually enters into an olfactory lobe before making connection with the brain.

Not'ting'ham, the capital of Nottinghamshire, England, a municipal county and parliamentary borough, lies on the Trent, 126 miles from London. It was formerly surrounded by high walls, which have now disappeared, and the 20 square miles of the city have of late been much improved by the widening of the streets and the erection of new buildings. It contains a city hall, St. Mary's church, guildhall, University College, a library and museum, an old hospital and a Roman Catholic cathedral. The most important manufactures are lace and hosiery, but baskets, bicycles, cigars and needles are also manufactured. The principal events of its history are the occupation by the Danes until 868; destruction by fire in 1140 and 1153 ; its first charter in 1155, the convention of three parliaments and the raising of the standard of Charles I in the oarliamentary war in 1642. Population 239,743.

No'va Sco'tia, the most easterly portion of Canada, is a peninsula thrust into the Atlantic from the east of North America. It is the most conspicuous physical feature between Florida and Newfoundland. Cape Breton, its eastern extremity, is really an island, separated by the Strait of Canso. Nova Scotia is 350 miles long, with a breadth varying from 50 to 100 miles, and contains an area of 20,907 square miles. The isthmus that connects it with New Brunswick is 13 miles wide, and on other sides it is washed by the Bay of Fundy, the Atlantic and the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Surface. Its coast is indented with natural harbors, there being no fewer than 12 on the Atlantic seaboard capable of sheltering the largest vessels. The interior is intersected with chains of attractive hills, and dotted with lakes, and drained by rivers. Many of the rivers are navigable for short distances inland, and with the Bay of Fundy they produce the rich intervales and dike-lands whose productiveness is one of the chief features of the province. Nova Scotia is a favorite tourist section. There are Minas Basin and the Evangeline District about Wolfville and Grand Pré, the picturesque Annapolis valley, La Have River, known as Nova Scotia's Rhine, and the marvellous beauty of the Bras d'Or lakes in Cape Breton. Cobequid Mountains strike across the north of Nova Scotia from Cape Chignecto to Cape Porcupine.

Inhabitants. The population in 1901 was 460,000 largely of Canadian birth, chiefly British. There were 45,000 French (Aca-dians) and 41,000 Germans. The Roman Catholic religion leads as to numbers, next the Presbyterians, then the Baptists. The Intercolonial Railway enters at Amherst from New Brunswick. It runs to Halifax by Truro and Windsor Junction. The Dominion Atlantic Railway runs from Halifax north to Minas Basin and to Yarmouth.

Climate. The climate is temperate, being moderated winter and summer by the sea which surrounds the province. The mercury seldom falls to zero. Cape Breton has an ideal summer climate, and the entire province is noted for the longevity of its people.

Resources. Agriculture is the most valuable industry. Rich and cultivated farms can be had at low rentals. The dikelands are exceedingly rich, being fertilized by deposits from tidal waters. The apple is the chief Nova Scotia product. The valley of apple-orchards runs from Windsor 10 Annapolis, 80 miles, along the northern side of the province. Nova Scotia has the largest number of sailing-ships and steamers of any province in the Dominion engaged in its trade. The cod, lobster, mackerel and herring fisheries are very profitable, there being 14,000 men engaged in the industry. The coal-deposits are owned by the government