And finally, if the defendant desires to prosecute a writ of error, for review, the proceedings of the trial court, including the evidence, the rulings of the court on objections and motions, the giving and refusing of instructions, and all matters and proceedings wherein error is claimed, must be embodied in a bill of exceptions, properly certified to under the hand and seal of the judge who presided on the trial.4 The object of a bill of exceptions, of course, is to preserve all such proceedings and make them a part of the record, in order that a full and proper record of the cause maybe presented to the court of review.

1 Harvey vs. State, 40 Ind., 516; McClellan vs. Bond, 92 Ind., 424; Hobbs vs. People, 183 Ill., 336.

2 Hughes' Cr. Law, Sec. 2847;

Gill vs. People, 42 Ill., 323. 3 State vs. Raymond, 156 Mo., 117; Shenkenberg vs. State, 154 Ind., 630.