12. What is the best time of day to place packages or nuclei in hives previously prepared for them?

13. How can you tell if a queen came along with packages if ordered?

How can you tell when she begins laying?

14. What plan of producing extracted honey would you follow if you wanted to make considerable increase?

15. Give a plan suitable for comb honey production that will allow increase without seriously affecting the crop.

16. Why is it advisable to prevent more than one swarm issuing even where you prefer increase by swarms?

17. What is the easiest way to secure bees for a start?

18. What certificate should you secure when buying bees?

19. Why is it often more profitable to buy increase rather than make it from your own stock?

20. Why does the bee shipping business fit into the scheme of honey production for the southern states?

21. What is there about the average northern locality and season that makes increase difficult to make profitably?

Fig. 59-An easy way for a novice to find an evasive queen. The full colony is set to one side of its bottom board and the two hive bodies with a queen excluder between them are put in its place. The bees are shaken off their combs onto excluder and smoked down through it. The combs when freed of bees are placed inside of lower body. Queen usually found on queen excluder.

Fig 60-This introducing cage is made with a piece of wire screen which is wide enough to bend over the mailing cage and each side extend into the comb to the midrib. It should be 3 or 4 inches long or longer. The corners are cut out at one end to the depth of the mailing cage plus about 1/2 an inch for the screen to extend into the comb. The sides and one of the ends of the screen are then folded at right angles so that a box open at one end is formed. Several of the horizontal wires on the sides and end of the screen cage should be removed to facilitate pushing cage into comb. (Drawing from New Jersey Bee Culture Bulletin.)

Fig. 61-Raised irregularly capped cells either indi cate the presence of a drone laying queen or fertile workers in a hive.

Fig. 62-A bad case of robbing. Photo by A. B. J.

Details of Some Work You Will Have to Do During the Season's Management.

1. Robbing and how to prevent it.

a. Bees are always looking for an opportunity to rob when little or no nectar is available.

b. Robbing is started by carelessness.

c. Unite queenless colonies promptly with colonies that have queens.

d. Work with bees, especially weak colonies, only when there is a honey flow on.

e. Robbing may cause the spread of American foul brood, makes the bees very cross and causes the loss of weak colonies.

2. How to find a queen.

f. First learn what she looks like.

g. Italian queen often readily found by examining the brood combs.

h. By making all the worker bees pass through a queen excluder.

3. Queen Introduction.

i. Remove old queens and destroy any queen cells, if present.

j. During the honey flow the method described on queen cages in which queens are shipped is safe, k. When no honey is coming in the "push in the comb cage" method is safer.

4. Life history of honey bee.

1. This has an important bearing on many manipulations made in the bee yard.

m. Total development periods-worker, 21 days; queen, 16 days; drone, 24 days.

5. How to tell when a queen is failing.

n. Lays eggs irregularly.

o. As she becomes less active she is inclined to lay more than one egg in a cell.

p. During last stages she lays drone eggs in worker cells, q. When queen dies frequently worker bees start to lay eggs which all develop into drone bees.