" Eyes and ears. The eyes of this dog are small, and rather deeply set; but there should be no display of the haw or third eyelid. They are generally brown, of various shades, but light rather than dark. The ears are small, clothed with short hair on all but the edges, which are fringed with longer hair.

"The neck is often short, making the dog look chumpy and inelegant. This defect should always be attended to, and a dog with a sufficiently lengthy neck should have the full allowance; but, on the other hand, a short chumpy one is so often met with that, even if present, the possessor of it should not be penalised with negative points. The throat is clean, without any development of frill, though thickly clothed with hair.

"The chest is capacious, and rather round than flat; back ribs generally short.

"The back is often slack and weak, but in some specimens, and notably in Leo, there is a fine development of muscle; accompanying this weak back there is often a rolling and weak walk.

"The legs should be very bony and straight, well clothed with muscle on the arms and lower thighs. Elbows well let down, and neither in nor out. Both the fore and hind legs are thickly feathered, but not to any great length. There is also often a double dew claw.

"The feet are large and wide, with thin soles. The toes are generally flat, and consequently this dog soon becomes foot-sore in road work, and cannot accompany a horse or carriage at a fast pace.

"In size the Newfoundland should be at least 25in. in height, and if he is beyond this it is a merit rather than a defect, as explained in the above remarks. Many very fine and purely-bred specimens reared in this country have been from 30in. to 32in. high.

"The symmetry of this dog is often defective, owing to the tendency of a short neck and weak loin. As a consequence, a symmetrical dog like Leo is highly to be approved of.

"The colour should be black, the richer the better; but a rusty stain in it is so common in the native breed that it should by no means be penalised. Still the jet black is so handsome in comparison with it that I think, other points being equal, it should count above the rusty stain in judging two dogs. A white star on the breast is often met with. The white and black colour exhibited in the Landseer type never occurs in the true Newfoundland.

"The coat of the Newfoundland is shaggy, without much undercoat, and at first sight it would appear unfit for much exposure to wet. It is, however, so thick and oily that it takes some time for the water to reach the skin through it. There is often a natural parting down the back, and the surface is very glossy.

"The tail is long and gently curled on one side, but not carried high. It is clothed thickly with long hair, which is quite bushy, but often naturally parted down the middle."

I prefer in judging to take general appearance and symmetry first.

It is impossible to dissent from "Stonehenge's" remarks in regard to the head, and it will be observed that we have also selected for our engraving that incomparable dog Mr. Howard Mapplebeck's Leo. The illustrations, however, are from the drawings of different artists, viz., Mr. Baker and Mr. Moore.

As to the ears, I may here remark on the authority of Meyrick - for I have not met with the original work - that Justice Haliburton, who was a connoisseur in the breed, describes this feature as "a small and delicate mouse-like ear."

Haliburton also refers to the dew claws; it is usual to remove them, and this should I think be done in all breeds, for they are a useless incumbrance, and make the leg look clumsy.

Although a 25in. dog may be a pure Newfoundland, one that size would stand little chance in competition at our large shows.

With the conflicting evidence before us, I am not prepared to endorse the statement that the white and black colour never occurs in the true Newfoundland, but this question has been practically settled in the best possible way by making a distinct class for the picturesque black and white under the name of Landseer Newfoundland.

Mr. Howard Mapplebeck's Leo, now Mr. S. W. Wildman's, is a fine model of the breed; he is of great size, most symmetrical in build, with an elegant carriage; has a fine broad intellectual looking head, and the dignified appearance so remarkable in all good specimens of the breed; and is without doubt the finest living specimen that has been exhibited, and this is high praise when we consider the number of good ones our shows have brought out.

Weights And Measurements Of Celebrated Dogs

Mr. T. Worthy's Help: Age, 2¼ years; weight, 1541b.; height at shoulder, 30in.; length of nose to set on of tail, 51in.; length of tail, 25in.; girth of chest, 41in.; girth of loin, 31in.; girth of head, 24in.; girth of forearm 12in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 12in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 12½in .

Mrs. Cunliffe Lee's Nep: Age, 5 years; height at shoulder, 31in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 48in.; length of tail, 16in.; girth of chest, 36in.; girth of loin, 32in.; girth of head, 21in.; girth of fore arm, 10½in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 9in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 12in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's champion Gipsy: Age, 3 years; weight, 981b.; height at shoulder, 28in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 42in.; length of tail, 18in.; girth of chest, 35in.; girth of loin, 30in.; girth of head, 21½in.; girth of forearm, 10½in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, ll½in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 12in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's champion Brunette: Age, 4 years; weight, 1041b.; height at shoulder, 29in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 431/2in.; length of tail, 18½in.; girth of chest, 36in.; girth of loin, 33in.; girth of head, 22in.; girth of forearm, 11in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 11¾in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 12in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's Lady in Black: Age, 4 years; weight, 1061b.; height at shoulder, 28½in.; length of nose to set on of tail, 44in.; length of tail, 18½in.; girth of chest, 36in.; girth of loin, 31in.; girth of head, 22in.; girth of forearm, 10½in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 11in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 12in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's Flora, dam of Gipsy: Age, 7 years; weight, 89½lb.; height at shoulder, 28in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 42in.; length of tail, 18in.; girth of chest, 35in.; girth of loin, 29in.; girth of head, 21in.: girth of forearm, 10in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, ll¼in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose 12¼in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's champion Leo: Age, 6 years; weight, 1351b.; height at shoulder, 31½in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 50in.; length of tail, 20in.; girth of chest, 38in.; girth of loin, 34in.; girth of head, 22in.; girth of forearm, 9in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 11in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 12in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's champion Lion: Age, 2½ years; weight, 1291b.; height at shoulder, 29½in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 52in.; length of tail, 20½in.; girth of chest, 39in.; girth of loin, 32in.; girth of head, 24in. ; girth of forearm, 10½in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 12½in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 13in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's Mayor of Bingley: Age 2 years 4 months; weight, 1421b.; height at shoulder, 32¼in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 50in.; length of tail, 21in.; girth of chest, 41½in.; girth of loin, 33in.; girth of head, 24½in.; girth of forearm, 11in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 12¾in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 13in.

Mr. S. W. Wildman's Black Prince: Age, 2½ years; weight, 1331b.; height at shoulder, 31in.; length from nose to set on of tail, 51in.; length of tail, 20in.; girth of chest, 39½in.; girth of loin, 34in.; girth of head, 23½in.; girth of forearm, 10½in.; length of head from occiput to tip of nose, 13in.; girth of muzzle midway between eyes and tip of nose, 12½in.