This section is from the book "Everything About The Dogs", by Alvin George Eberhart. Also available from Amazon: Everything About Dogs.
This is an increased abnormal flow of urine, the cause being a derangement of some of the assimilative organs, and when long established producing great emaciation and weakness. First, give a few doses of mild purgative, of the "podophyllin pills."
Podolphyllin ............................... 3 grains.
Compound extract of colocynth ................ 15 grains.
Powdered rhubarb .......................... 24 grains.
Extract of henbane.......................... 18 grains.
Mix and divide into 12 pills. Dose one or two pills, according to size of dog. One or two doses probably enough, if it moves the bowels.
To allay the thirst, always present in diabetes, give (twice a day) 5 to 30 drops (according to size of dog) of phosphoric acid, largely diluted with water, and- to strengthen the system, 2 to 5 grains of sulphate of iron twice a day in water. If the excessive flow of urine continues after this, then use the following.
Take
Gallic acid ................................ 1 dram.
Powdered alum ............................. 1 dram.
Powdered opium ............................ 12 grains.
Gum sufficient to form a mass; divide into 24 pills. Dose for a 25-lb. to 50-lb. dog, one pill twice a clay. Small toy dogs, one-half pill. And larger than 50-lb., 1 1/2 pill as a dose. Where the dog is weak and his appetite impaired, have druggist add one grain of quinine to each pill when filling prescription.
Another case was prescribed for as follows:
"My Cocker bitch drinks a great deal more water than two or three of my other dogs drink, and she also passes a great deal of water - more than any of my other dogs. Will you advise me what to do?
From symptoms you mention the dog probably has diabetes. Give some mild purgative for a few days. To allay the thirst give twice a day 5 to 30 drops (according to size of dog) of phosphoric acid largely diluted with water. A dose of sulphate of iron, 2 to 5 grains, twice a day will tone up the system. If the excessive flow continues after this treatment use the following prescription: Gallic acid (one dram), powdered alum (one dram), powdered opium (12 grains), gum sufficient to form a mass, and divide into 24 pills. For dogs 25 to 50 pounds in weight give one pill twice a day; Toy dogs, one-half pill. Twenty-four grains quinine added to the prescription will be of value if the dog is weak or appetite impaired."
The following, from Field and Fancy, is also valuable advice:
"Diabetes is characterized by an abnormal flow of urine, caused by derangement of some of the assimilative organs; when long established it produces great emaciation and weakness. The treatment consists in giving first'a few doses of a mild purgative, such as the podophyllin pills. To allay the thirst, which is always present in diabetes, give twice a day 5 to 30 droys of phosphoric acid, largely diluted with water, and to strengthen the system 2 gr. to 5 gr. of suphate of iron twice a day in water. If the excessive flow of urine continues after this treatment, resort must be had to opium, iodine, alum, oak-bark, or its preparations. The following bolus may prove useful in such cases:
Take gallic acid, 1 dr.; powdered alum, 1 dr.; powdered opium, 12 gr.; gum sufficient to form a mass; divide into twenty-four pills. Dose for a twenty pound dog, one twice a day. Where the animal is weak and the appetite impaired, 1 gr. of quinine may be added to each pill."
 
Continue to: