1018. Blotters

Blotters. The life and usefulness of blotters is increased by keeping dry. Spread them out to dry when not in use.

1019. Yellowish Stains

Yellowish Stains. 1. Weak or overworked fixing bath.

2. Under-exposure and forced development.

3. Not quickly and thoroughly immersing prints in the fixing bath.

4. Not rinsing in acid water between developing and fixing.

5. Unclean fingers will cause stains, and the hands should be rinsed often to keep them free from hypo while developing.

6. Unclean trays cause stains.

7. Iron in water, also other impurities. Use distilled or rain water for mixing developer.

1020. Brownish Stains

Brownish Stains. 1. Brown spots or stains are caused by using a fixing bath not properly mixed. (See fixing bath formula, paragraph 977.)

2. Brown stains on Iris paper may be caused by not properly mixing fixing bath, or by using a toning bath un-ripened. (See toning bath formula, paragraph 979.)

3. Not separating prints thoroughly in running wash water. Prints should be well separated in the wash water to insure the removal of chemicals as quickly as possible.

1021. Pinkish Stains

Pinkish Stains. 1. Insufficient fixing. Prints not thoroughly fixed contain silver, which will immediately become discolored when exposed to daylight.

2. Lack of sufficient bromide of potash in the developer.

1022. Grayish Or Fogged Whites

Grayish Or Fogged Whites. 1. Lack of sufficient bromide of potash in the developer.

2. Under-exposure and forced development.

3. Handling paper in unsafe light.

1023. Dark Spots

Dark Spots. 1. Are caused by fixing prints face down, thus allowing air-bells to form on the surface of the print. These air-bells allow development to proceed. Fix prints face up.

2. Dark spots and streaks are also caused by failing to rinse prints in acid water between developing and fixing. Prints should be quickly and thoroughly rinsed after development and transferred immediately to the fixing bath.

1024. White Spots

White Spots. White spots are caused by air-bells forming on the surface of the print during development. Rubbing the surface of the print during that manipulation will break any air-bells that may form, and prevent this trouble.

1025. Bluish Tones

Bluish Tones. Blue tones are caused by under-exposure and forced development; also caused by lack of sufficient bromide of potash in the developer. At least as much bromide as is called for in the formula should be used, and if necessary the amount should be increased. The amount of bromide necessary varies on account of local water conditions, different makes of chemicals used in the developer, etc.

1026. Muddy Tones

Muddy Tones. Extreme over-exposure will cause muddy tones and flat prints without vigor.