2 Sawyer v. Wiswell, 9 All. (Mass.) 39; Hoye v. Kalashian, 22

R. I. 101; 46 Atl. 271; Andrews v. Robertson, 111 Wis. 334; 87 Am. St. Rep. 870; 54 L. R. A. 673; 87 N. W. 190.

3 Bank of Sonoma County v. Gove, 63 Cal. 355; 49 Am. Rep. 92; Thomas v. Ruddell, 66 Ind. 326; Edgerly v. Lawson, 176 Mass. 551; 51 L. R. A. 432; 57 N. E. 1020; Carpenter v. Greenop, 74 Mich. 664; 16 Am. St. Rep. 662; 42 N. W. 276; Lewis v. Long, 102 N. C 206; 11 Am. St. Rep. 725; 9 S. E. 637. So under R. S. Sec. 3173 of Ohio, prior to the negotiable instruments act; Sherman v. Investment Co., 19 Ohio C. C. 26; 10 Ohio C. D. 33. This rule is re-enacted R. S. Sec. 3173c of Ohio.

4 Kost v. Bender, 25 Mich. 515. 5 Battersbee v. Calkins, 128 Mich. 569; 87 N. W. 760.

1 Hanauer v. Doane, 12 Wall. (U.

S.) 342; Braly v. Henry, 71 Cal. 481; 60 Am. Rep. 543; 11 Pac. 385; 12 Pac. 623; Heard v. Shed-den, 113 Ga. 162; 38 S. E. 387; Wray v. Warner, 111 la. 64; 82 N. W. 455; Brook v. Teague, 52 Kan. 119; 34 Pac. 347; Maitland v. Bank, 40 Md. 540; 17 Am. Rep. 620; Fisher v. Leland, 4 Cush. (Mass.) 456; 50 Am. Dec. 805; MeNamara v. Gargett, 68 Mich. 454; 13 Am. St. Rep. 355; 36 N. W. 218; Swinney v. Patterson, 25 Nev. 411; 62 Pac. 1; Greenville v. Ormand, 51 S. C. 58; 64 Am. St. Rep. 663; 39 L. R. A. 847; 28 S. E. 50; Hickerson v. Raiguel, 2 Heisk. (Tenn.) 329; Gregg v. Groesbeck, 11 Utah 310; 32 L. R. A. 266; 40 Pac. 202.

2 Greenville v. Ormand, 51 S. C. 58; 64 Am. St. Rep. 663; 39 L. R, A. 847; 28 S. E. 50.

3 Gregg v. Groesbeck, 11 Utah 310; 32 L. R. A. 266; 40 Pac. 202.

4 Swift v. Smith, 102 U. S. 442; Credit Co. v. Machine Co., 54 Conn. 357; 1 Am. St. Rep. 123; 8 Atl. 472: Merritt v. Boyden, 191 111. 136; 60 N. E. 907; Richards v. Monroe, 85 la. 359; 39 Am. St. Rep. 301; 52 N. W. 339; International Trust Co. v. Wilson, 161 Mass. 80; 36 N. E. 589; Rosemond v. Graham, 54 Minn. 323; 40 Am. St. Rep. 336; 56 N. W. 38; Borgess Investment Co. v. Vette, 142 Mo. 560; 64 Am. St. Rep. 567; 44 S. W. 754; Second National Bank v. Weston, 161 N. Y. 520; 76 Am. St. Rep. 283; 55 N. E. 1080; Clarion Second National Bank v. Morgan, 165 Pa. St. 199; 44 Am. St. Rep. 652; 30 Atl. 957; Phelan v. Moss, 67 Pa. St. 59; 5 Am. Rep. 402. "The rights of the holder are to be determined by the simple test of honesty and good faith, and not by speculative views as to his diligence or negligence." Cheever v. R. R., 150 N. Y. 59; 55 Am. St. Rep. 646; 34 L. R. A. 69; 44 N. E. 701.

5.Sinkler v. Siljan, 136 Cal. 356; 68 Pac. 1024.

6 Peacock v. Rhodes, Douglass 633.

7 Gill v. Cubitt, 3 B. & C. 466. Some of the earlier American deci« sions inclined to this rule. Ad-kins v. Blake, 2 J. J. Mar. (Ky.) 40; Merritt v. Duncan, 7 Heisk. (Tenn.) 156; 19 Am. Rep. 612.

8 Crook v. Jadis, 5 B. & Ad. 909.

9 Goodman v. Harvey, 4 Ad. & El. 870.

10 Shirk v. Neible, 156 Ind. 66; 83 Am. St. Rep. 150; 59 N. E. 281; Goodrich v. McDonald, 77 Mich. 486; 43 N. W. 1019; Canajoharie National Bank v. Diefendorf, 123 N. Y. 191; 10 L. R. A. 676; 25 N. E. 402; Dunn v. Bank, 15 S. D. 454; 90 N. W. 1045.

11 Griffith v. Shipley, 74 Md. 591; 14 L. R. A. 405; 22 Atl. 1107. For a similar case involving a Bohemian oats note, see McNamara v. Gar-gett, 68 Mich. 454; 13 Am. St. Rep. 355; 36 N. W. 218.

12 Canajoharie National Bank v. Diefendorf, 123 N. Y. 191; 10 L. R. A. 676; 25 N. E. 402.

13 Shirk v. Neible. 156 Ind. 66;

83 Am. St. Rep. 150; 59 N. E. 281.

14Dunn v. Bank, 15 S. D. 454; 90 N. W. 1045.

15 A holder of municipal bonds. Wilbur v. Wyatt, 63 Neb. 261; 88 N. W. 499.

16Lamson v. Beard, 94 Fed. 30; 45 L. R. A. 822; Gerard v. Mc-Cormick, 130 N. Y. 261; 14 L. R. A. 234; 29 N. E. 115.

17Brown v. Pettit, 178 Pa. St. 17; 56 Am. St. Rep. 742; 34 L. R. A. 723; 35 Atl. 865.

18 Chemical National Bank v. Wagner. 93 Ky. 525; 40 Am. St. Rep. 206; 20 S. W. 535. (Payable to himself.)

19 National Park Bank v. Warehouse Co., 116 N. Y. 281; 5 L. R. A. 673; 22 N. E. 567.

20 Fowler v. Brantly, 14 Pet. (U. S.) 318.

21 National Security Bank v. McDonald, 127 Mass. 82.

22 First National Bank v. Stock-ell, 92 Tenn. 252; 20 L. R. A. 605; 21 S. W. 523. ("C. I. P." meaning " Chapin's Iron Process.")

23 Cooper v. Bank, 21 Ind. App. 358; 69 Am. St. Rep. 365; 50 N. E. 775; United States National Bank v. Floss, 38 Or. 68; 84 Am. St. Rep. 752; 62 Pac. 751. Contra, First National Bank v. Forsyth, 67 Minn. 257; 64 Am. St. Rep. 415; 69 N. W. 909.

24 Bank v. Mfg. Co., 52 Fed. 98; 18 L. R. A. 201. Contra, Harrell v. Broxton, 78 Ga. 129; 3 S. E. 5.

25 Bank v. Barrett, 38 Ga. 126; 95 Am. Dec. 384; Siegel v. Bank, 131 111. 569; 19 Am. St. Rep. 51; 7 L. R. A. 537; 23 N. E. 417;

Heard v. Bank, 8 Neb. 10; 30 Am. Rep. 811.

26 Siegel v. Bank. 131 111. 569; 19 Am. St. Rep. 51; 7 L. R. A. 537; 23 N. E. 417; Miller v. Ot-taway, 81 Mich. 196; 21 Am. St. Rep. 513; 8 L. R. A. 428; 45 N. W. 665; Jennings v. Todd, 118 Mo. 296; 40 Am. St. Rep. 373; 24 S. W. 148; Nebraska National Bank v. Pennock, 55 Neb. 188; 75 N. W. 554; Rublee v. Davis, 33 Neb. 779; 29 Am. St. Rep. 509; 51 N. W. 135; Tradesmen's National Bank v. Curtis, 167 N. Y. 194; 52 L. R. A. 430; 60 N. E. 429; Davis v. Mc-Cready, 17 N. Y. 230; 72 Am. Dec. 461; United States National Bank v. Floss, 38 Or. 68; 84 Am. St. Rep. 752; 62 Pac. 751.

27 Jennings v. Todd, 118 Mo. 296; 40 Am. St. Rep. 373; 24 S. W. 148.

28 Russ Lumber Co. v. Water Co., 120 Cal. 521; 65 Am. St. Rep. 186; 52 Pac. 995.

2»Goetz v. Bank, 119 U. S. 551; Tolerton v. Bank, 112 la. 706; 50 L. R. A. 777; 84 N. W. 930; Hall v. Keller, 64 Kan. 211; 91 Am. St. Rep. 209; 67 Pac. 518. This case holds that the defenses of the consignee remain the same against the transferee as against the assignor. 67 Mo. App. 677; Columbian Bank v. White, 65 Mo. App. 677; S. Blaisdell, Jr. Co. v. Bank, 96 Tex. 626; 97 Am. St. Rep. 944; 75 S. W. 292.

30 S. Blaisdell Jr. Co. v. Bank, 96 Tex. 626; 97 Am. St. Rep. 944; 75 S. W. 292.

31 Hall v. Keller, 64 Kan. 211; 91 Am. St. Rep. 209; 67 Pac. 518.

32 Finch v. Oregg, 126 N. C. 176; 19 L. R. A. 679; 35 S. E. 251;

Landa v. Lattin, 19 Tex. Civ. App. 246; 46 S. W. 48.

33 19 Tex. Civ. App. 246; 46 S. W. 48.

34 S. Blaisdel Jr. v. Bank, 96 Tex. 626; 97 Am. St. Rep. 944; 75 S. W. 292.

35 Moore v. Bank. 44 La. Ann. 99; 32 Am. St. Rep. 332; 10 So. 407; Freeman's National Bank v. Tube Works Co., 151 Mass. 413; 21 Am. St. Rep. 461; 8 L. R. A. 42; 24 N. E. 779; Manufacturers' National Bank v. Bank, 148 Mass. 553; 2 L. R. A. 699; 20 N. E. 193; National, etc.. Bank v. Hubbell. 117 N. Y. 384; 15 Am. St. Rep. 515; 7 L. R. A. 852; 22 N. E. 1031; National Bank v. Bank, 58 O. S. 207; 65 Am. St. Rep. 748; 41 L. R. A. 584; 50 N. E. 723.

36Cussen v. Brandt, 97 Va. 1; 75 Am. St. Rep. 762; 32 S. E. 791.

37 United States National Bank v. Geer, 55 Neb. 462; 70 Am. St. Eep. 390; 41 L. R. A. 444; 75 N. W. 1088.

38 Ditch v. Bank, 79 Md. 192; 47 Am. St. Rep. 375; 23 L. R. A. 164; 29 Atl. 72, 138. (Decided by a divided court.)

39 Evans v. Hardware Co., 65 Ark. 204; 67 Am. St. Rep. 919; 45 S. W. 370; Baker v. Bank, 63 Neb. 801; 93 Am. St. Rep. 484; 89 N. W. 269.

40Ebert v. Gitt, 95 Md. 186; 52 Atl. 900; Burson v. Huntington, 21 Mich. 415; 4 Am. Rep. 497.

41Cover v. Myers, 75 Md. 406; 32 Am. St. Rep. 394; 23 Atl. 850.

42 Hamilton v. Fowler, 99 Fed. 18; 40 C. C. A. 47; Evans v. Hardware Co., 65 4rk. 204; 67 Am. St. Rep. 919; 45 S. W. 370; Stevenson v. O'Neal, 71 111. 314; Borden v. Clark, 26 Mich. 410; First National Bank v. Bank, 34 Neb. 71; 33 Am. St. Rep. 618; 15 L. R. A. 386; 51 N. W. 305; Bisbing v. Graham, 14 Pa. St. 14; 53 Am. Dec. 510.

43 Africa v. Tribune Co., 82 Minn. 283; 83 Am. St. Rep. 424; 84 N. W. 1019; Cheever v. R. R., 150 N. Y. 59; 55 Am. St. Rep. 646; 34 L. R, A. 69; 44 N. E. 701.

44 Jones v. Stoddart, - Ida. -; 67 Pac. 650.

45 Second National Bank v. Weston, 161 N. Y. 520; 76 Am. St. Rep. 28,3; 55 N. E. 1080.

46 English-American, etc., Co. v. Hiers, 112 Ga. 823; 38 S. E. 103.

47 Shedden v. Heard, 110 Ga. 461; 35 S. E. 707; Roberts v. Tavenner, 48 W. Va. 632; 37 S. E. 576.

48 Morris v. Banking Co.. 109 Ga. 12; 46 L. R. A. 506; 34 S. E. 378.

49 National Citizens' Bank v. Ertz, 83 Minn. 12; 85 Am. St. Hep. 438; 53 L. R. A. 174; 85 X. W. 821.

50 First National Bank v. Bu-chan, 79 Minn. 322; 82 N. W. 641.

51 Dresser v. Construction Co., 93 U. S. 92; Hubbard v. Chapin, 2 All. (Mass.) 328; Benson v. Keller, 37 Or. 120; 60 Pae. 918.

52 Chemical National Bank v. Waaner. 93 Ky. 525: 40 Am. St. Rep. 206; 20 S. W. 535.

53 The Floyd Acceptances, 7 Wall. (U. S.) 666.

54 People v. Bank, 75 N. Y. 547.

55 Third National Bank v. Lange, 51 Md. 138; 34 Am. Rep. 304; Shaw v. Spencer, 100 Mass. 382; 1 Am. Rep. 115; (a stock certificate).

56 Strong v. Strauss, 40 O. S. 87.

57 Tradesmen's National Bank v. Looney. 99 Tenn. 278; 63 Am. St. Rep. 830; 38 L. R. A. 837; 42 S. W. 149.

58 Yates v. Spofford. 7 Ida. 737;

97 Am. St. Rep. 267; 65 Pac. 501.

59 Fletcher v. Schaumburg. 41 Mo.