A contract for services which are not personal in their nature, but which may be performed by the assignee or the successors of the promisor, is not discharged by the death of either party.1 Thus, a contract of guaranty,2 or of sale,3 even if the article which is sold is far more useful or interesting to the purchaser than to his personal representative,4 or a contract between a landlord and tenant,5 a covenant to rebuild leased property in case of fire,6 a contract to repair,7 or a contract to renew,8 are none of them discharged by the death of either party. A contract for future repairs of a partition fence, made between adjoining property owners, has been held to be discharged by the death of one of them.9 A contract of fire insurance,10 including mutual insurance,11 or a contract to take and pay for a certain amount of water annually,12 or a deed of trust upon growing crops to secure advancements,13 are none of them discharged by the death of either party. A contract in settlement of a bastardy suit,14 or a contract of pledge,15 or a contract giving the debtor the right to discharge his debt by sawing lumber,16 are none of them discharged by the death of a party. A contract to pay money so as to satisfy the needs of the payee as nearly as possible is not personal in character and is not discharged by the death of the payee.17

9 Liddell v. Easton's trustees [1907], S. C. 154, 14 Scots L. T. Rep. 479 [affirming, Liddell v. Findley, 13 Scots L. T. Rep. 150, 13 Scots L. T. Rep. 744].

10 Smith v. Compton, 67 N. J. L. 548, 58 L. R. A. 480, 52 Atl. 3S6.

11 Powell v. Cash, 54 N. J. Eq. 218, 34 Atl. 131.

1 England. Morgan v. Ravey, 6 Hurl. & N. 265; Nield v. Smith, 14 Ves. Jr. 491.

In re Worthington [1914], 2 K. B. 299.

California. Husheon v. Kelley, 162 Cal. 656, 124 Pac. 231.

Iowa. Ryan v. Litchfield, 162 Ia. 609, 144 N. W. 313.

Massachusetts. Drummond v. Crane, 159 Maes. 577, 38 Am. St. Rep. 460, 23 L. R. A. 707, 35 N. E. 90.

Mississippi. Cox v. Martin, 75 Miss. 229, 65 Am. St. Rep. 604, 36 L. R. A. 800, 21 So. fill.

Pennsylvania. Billing's Appeal, 106 Pa. St. 558; McLaughlin v. McLaughlin, 146 Pa. St. 582, 23 Atl. 400.

Wisconsin. Volk v. Stowell, 98 Wis. 385, 74 N. W. 118.

2 Lloyd's v. Harper, L. R. 16 Ch. Div. 290; Hightower v. Moore, 46 Ala. 387; Janin v. Browne, 59 Cal. 37; Menard v. Scudder, 7 La. Ann. 385, 56 Am. Dec. 610.

Such contract is not released by the death of a joint guarantor. Carter v. Hampton, 77 Va. 631.

3 England. Personalty. Wentworth v. Cock, 10 Ad. & El. 42.

Georgia. Allen v. Confederate Pub. Co., 121 Ga. 773, 49 S. E. 782.

Illinois. Smith v. Mfg. Co., 83 I1L 498.

Michigan. McKeown v. Harvey, 40 Mich. 226.

New Hampshire. Sabre v. Smith, 62 N. H. 663.

New York. Mactier v. Frith, 6 Wend. (N. Y.) 103, 21 Am. Dec. 262.

Realty. Denton v. Sanford, 103 N. Y. 607. 9 N. E. 490.

Death of vendor after breach. Fowler v. Kelly, 3 W. Va. 71.

A contract for performing services of a personal nature for the benefit of a stranger to the contract may be personal as to one of the parties, but not personal as to the other.18 If A has agreed with B to render services as an attorney for C, the death of B while such contract is executory does not operate as a discharge thereof;19 and A may recover from B's estate for services rendered under such contract for C after B's death.20

4 Allen v. Confederate Pub. Co., 121 Ga. 773, 49 S. E. 782.

5 Alsup v. Banks, 68 Miss. 664, 24 Am. St. Rep. 294, 13 L. R. A. 398, 9 So. 895; Becker v. Walworth, 45 0. S. 169; 12 N. E. 1; Keating v. Condon, 68 Pa. St. 75; Volk v. Stowell, 98 Wis. 385, 74 N. W. 118.

6 Chamberlain v. Dunlap, 126 N. Y. 43, 22 Am. St. Rep. 807, 26 N. E. 966.

7 Chamberlain v. Dunlap, 126 N. Y. 45, 22 Am. St. Rep. 807, 26 N. E. 966.

8 Hyde v. Skinner, 2 P. Wms. 196.

9 Bland v. Umstead, 23 Pa. St. 316. 10 Richardson v. German Ins. Co., 89

Ky. 571, 8 L. R. A. 800, 13 S. W. 1; Towle v. Dirigo Mutual Fire Ins. Co., 107 Me. 317, 78 Atl. 374; Burbank v. Rockingham Mutual Fire Ins. Co., 24 N. H. 550, 57 Am. Dec. 300.

II Kimmel v. Ins. Co., 161 Ill. 43, 43 N. E. 615 [reversing, 59 Ill. App. 532].

12 Drummond v. Crane, 159 Mass. 577, 38 Am. St. Rep. 460, 23 L. R. A. 707, 35 N. E. 90.

13 Cox v. Martin, 75 Miss. 229, 65 Am. St. Rep. 604, 36 L. R. A. S00, 21 So. 611.

14 Stumpf's Appeal, 116 Pa. St. 33, 8 Atl. 866.

15 Henry v. Eddy, 34 Ill. 508. (Though the creditor has died the pledgor must pay the debt in order to obtain the collateral.)

16 Hawkins v. Ball, 57 Ky. (18 B. Mon.) 816, 68 Am. Dec. 755. (On the death of the creditor, the debtor if willing to do the work can not be made to pay the money.)

17 Ryan v. Litchfield, 162 Ia. 609, 144 N. W. 313.

18 Barrett v. Towne, 196 Mass. 487, 13 L. R. A. (N.S.) 643, 82 N. E. 698.

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