This section is from the "Embroidery Stitches" book, by M. E. Wilkinson. Amazon: Embroidery Stitches.
Cluster Stitches. Clusters in needlework are groups of similar stitches placed in close proximity to form a grounding or powdering, or for the centres of flowers, etc. French knots, dots, picots, etc., are the stitches most useful for this purpose. The illustration shews (a) Knot clusters ; (b) Dot clusters ; (c) Cross clusters ; (d) Line clusters.
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

 
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