A tool will either cut or scrape, according to the position in which it is held, as. for instance, below the line A in the illustration. Line A is in each case one drawn from the centre of the work to the point of contact between the tool edge and the work, C being the work, and B the tool. It will be observed that the angle of the top face of the tool varies in each case with the line A. In position 1, the tool is a cutting one; in 2, it is a scraper; in 3, it is a tool which is a cutter and scraper combined, since it will actually perform both functions at one and the same time; and in 4, it is a good cutting tool, the shapes and angles of the tools being the same in each case.

Cutting And Scraping

Dies, Fitting, to quadrants when either the dies or quadrants, or both, are to be hardened.--Make them a shade too small, to allow for their swelling during the process of hardening.