Deciduous shrubs. Twigs moderate, rounded, glabrous;pith moderate, rounded, continuous. Buds solitary, sessile, oblong, flattened, appressed. Leaf-scars alternate, crescent-shaped or U-shaped; bundle-traces 3; stipule-scars none.

Fig, 131. Pyrus communis

Fig, 131. Pyrus communis.

Fig. 132. Pyrus malus

Fig. 132. Pyrus malus.

Fig. 133. Pyrus coronaria

Fig. 133. Pyrus coronaria.

a. Twigs and buds somewhat woolly

1.

A. arbutifolia

a. Twigs and buds glabrous

2.

A. melanocarpa

1. A. arbutifolia (L.) Ell. Red Chokeberry. (Pyrus arbutifolia (L.) L.f,). A shrub 1-2. 5 m. high; twigs and buds more or less woolly;leaf-scars low; bundle-traces 3; fruits red, persistent into winter. Swamps and damp barrens, Ontario to Michigan and Missouri, south to Florida and Texas (Fig. 134).

2. A. melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell. Black Chokeberry. (Pyrus melanocarpa (Michx.) Willd.) A shrub up to 4 m. high, but generally considerably lower; twigs and buds glabrous; leaf-scars low; bundle-traces 3; fruits black, persistent into winter. Moist thickets and barrens, Newfoundland to Minnesota, south to South Carolina and Tennessee (Fig. 135).