Deciduous shrubs or medium-sized trees. Twigs moderate, round or slightly angled, sometimes ending in sharp points; pith somewhat angled, continuous. Buds moderate, solitary, sessile, with about 4 scales. Leaf-scars alternate, linear; bundle-traces 3; stipule scars none.

Fig, 131. Pyrus communis

Fig, 131. Pyrus communis.

Fig. 132. Pyrus malus

Fig. 132. Pyrus malus.

Fig. 133. Pyrus coronaria

Fig. 133. Pyrus coronaria.

a.

Twigs and buds glabrous; bud-scales submucronate, not margined; twigs olive

1.

P. communis

a.

Buds pubescent, their scales sometimes margined

b. Buds blunt-ovoid; scales sub-obtuse; unarmed

2.

P. malus

b. Buds conical-oblong; scales acute; and twigs sharp-pointed

3.

P. coronaria

1. P. communis L. Pear. Small tree, to about 15 m. high, when wild often with spinescent branches; branchlets olive,glabrous or giabrate, with inconspicuous lenticels. Introduced from Eurasia, spreading slightly from cultivation into thickets (Fig. 131).

2. P. malus L. Apple. (Malus pumila Mill.). A tree to 15 m. tall, with spreading branches, the trunk sometimes 1 m. in diameter; twigs more or less pubescent; buds blunt-ovoid, pubescent; scales more or less obtuse. Introduced from Eurasia, spreading and naturalized (Fig. 132).

3. P. coronaria L. Wild Crabapple.( Malus coronaria Mill.). Tree, somewhat armed (at least bearing sharp-pointed twigs), 6-10 m. high, the trunk 2. 5-3. 5 dm. in diameter; twigs glabrate; bundle-traces 3; buds conical-oblong, scales pubescent, acute. Thickets, New York and Ontario to Minnesota, south to Kansas and North Carolina (Fig. 133).