Eighty species hardy deciduous tubers; and thirty-four species hardy herbaceous perennials. "A. Napellus, from napus, a turnip, its gru-mous roots resembling little turnips, is a well known poisonous plant. Lin-naesus says, that it is fatal to kine and goats, especially when they come fresh to it, and are not acquainted with the plant; but that it does no injury to horses, who eat it only when dry. He also relates (from the Stockholm Acts) that an ignorant surgeon prescribed the leaves, and on the patient refusing to take them, he took them himself and died. The ancients, who were acquainted with chemical poisons, regarded the Aconite as the most violent of all poisons. Some persons, only by taking in the effluvia of the herb in full flower by the nostrils, have been seized with swooning fits, and have lost their eight for two or three days. Cut the root is unquestionably the most powerful part of the plant. Matthiolusrelates, that a criminal was put to death by taking one drachm of it. Dodonaeus gives us an instance, recent in his time, of five persons at Antwerp, who ate the root by mistake, and all died.

Dr. Turner also mentions, that some Frenchmen at the same place, eating the shoots of this plant for those of master-wort, all died in the course of two days, except two players, who quickly evacuated all that they had taken by vomit. We have an account, in the Philosophical Transactions, of a man who was poisoned, in the year 1732, by eating some of this plant in a salad, instead of celery. Dr. Willis also, in his work De Anima Brutorum, gives an instance of a man who died in a few hours, by eating the tender leaves of this plant also in a salad. He was seized with all the symptoms of mania. The Aconite, thus invested with terrors, has, however, been so far subdued, as to become a powerful remedy in some of the most troublesome disorders incident to the human frame. Baron Stoerck led the way by administering it in violent pains of the side and joints, in glandulous scirrhi, tumours, ulcerous tubercles of the breast, etc., to the quantity of from ten to thirty grains in a dose, of an extract, the method of making which he describes." - Encyc. Plants. Division. Common garden soil.

All are poisonous.