This section is from the book "The Villa Gardener", by J. C. Loudon. Also available from Amazon: The Villa Gardener.
After all the trees and shrubs are planted, the whole garden may be laid down in grass; the surface having been previously consolidated and raked quite smooth. If the trees and shrubs have been planted properly each plant will stand on a small hillock, which, for the lowest-growing shrubs, should not be less than 6 in. high, and 2 ft. broad at the base; and, for the larger shrubs and trees, not less than 1 ft. high, and 4 ft. wide at the base. On these hillocks no grass seeds should be sown.; and this, besides being better for the trees, by preventing their roots from being exhausted by the grass, will save much trouble in their after management, by rendering ail clipping unnecessary. When trees and shrubs are thickly scattered over a lawn, only the glades of grass can be mown with the scythe, while that in the crowded parts is obliged to be clipped, either by a person using hedge-shears and kneeling while he performs the operation, or by using grass-shears and standing. Either of these operations is very hard and disagreeable work; and they are rendered quite unnecessary by the hillock manner of planting, and by not sowing the hillocks with grass.
This hillock manner of planting will not, probably, be approved of by many practical gardeners, and especially jobbing gardeners, who have been accustomed to finish their planting by rendering the surface round the plants quite level. Our readers, however, may rely on its being by far the best mode for the plants; since both nature and experience teach us that nothing is more injurious to vegetation than having the collar, or base, of the stem, which ought to be above ground, placed under it, and covered with soil to the depth of 2 or 3 inches. Independently altogether of the use of these hillocks (which, in form, ought to be broad and flattened, and have concave sides uniting imperceptibly with the level surface all round), their effect in giving height and consequence to the plants on them, and the variety which is produced in the play of lines on the surface of the turf, ought to be an additional recommendation. The expense of this mode of planting can be no greater than that of the ordinary mode, except that, in some cages, stakes may be required to tie the plant to, for two or three years; which, in the ordinary mode of sinking the stem in the soil, may be dispensed with.
We shall not obtrude on the reader a list of the trees and shrubs for this garden, as from those we have already given he must be able, in some degree, to make a selection for himself.
 
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