Material. Stocks of the apple or pear, one inch in diameter and twelve inches in length, scions from the same kind of trees. Apparatus. Sharp, narrow chisel and sharp knife. Side grafting is the method of grafting by inserting the scion into the stock without the cutting off of the stock (Fig. 35). It is often used to place a limb in a certain region where one is lacking, or for the grafting of some difficult subject, such as the mulberry or some of the beeches. The scion is placed in the side of the stock, set into an oblique incision made for the purpose. This cut can best be made by a thin-bladed chisel with a bent shank; however, any ordinary knife or chisel may be used. The angle at which the scion is placed is usually about 30 degrees. The incision should be made about an inch deep, and the scion should be cut wedge-shaped. As in bark grafting, the length of the wedge-shaped cut should correspond to the depth of the incision made in the stock.

1. Secure stocks about one inch in diameter and ordinary scions containing from two to four buds. Practice by making a number of these grafts.

Make a natural-size drawing of the stock, four inches in length, showing the chisel or the knife in position.

2. Make a drawing the same size as in 1, showing the scion in position. How long is the wedge-shaped cut on the scion? Does the entire wedge of the scion fit into the incision made in the stock? Make a natural-size drawing of the scion. Discuss.

Fig. 35. Side grafting.

A, stock, showing the chisel in position; B, stock, showing the scion inserted