This section is from the book "A Manual Of Pathology", by Joseph Coats, Lewis K. Sutherland. Also available from Amazon: A Manual Of Pathology.
One or more Supernumerary spleens (splenculi, lienculi) are not infrequently met with, these being in addition to the ordinary normal organ. They are generally round in form, and have the dark red or blue colour and soft structure of the splenic tissue. They are usually small in size, varying from that of a pea to that of a marble, but cases have occurred in which they have been much larger, even to such an extent as that two spleens of nearly equal size have been present. There are sometimes several of these present, and although usually seated in the neighbourhood of the spleen they may be away from it, having even been found embedded in the head of the pancreas. These accessory organs may be the seat of morbid processes similar to those affecting the spleen itself. This is particularly the case with regard to amyloid disease and tuberculosis. The spleen is also liable to variations in shape, some of which are congenital. It is liable to folding of its convex surface from com pression by the ribs in tight lacing. Alterations in position are sometimes congenital but may occur during life, chiefly when the Organ is enlarged and increased in weight. Again, there may be an unusual length of the ligaments so as to allow of an undue mobility of the organ. This also may be congenital, or it may be due to a stretching of the ligaments from increased weight.
 
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