Mutra.

The properties of the urine of various animals, such as the cow, buffalo, goat, sheep, horse, elephant, ass, and camel are minutely described. Of these, cow's urine is much used both internally and externally, in the purification of various metals and in the preparation of oils, decoctions, etc. It is described as laxative, diuretic and useful in constipation, suppression of urine, colic, anasarca, jaundice, leprosy and other skin diseases. Goat's urine is sometimes given internally as for example in the prescription quoted under Nardostachys jatamansi. In congestive fever with constipation, flushed face and headache, an ounce of fresh and warm cow's urine is given as a domestic medicine. It is sometimes given as the vehicle for administering castor oil, (see page 231). Cow's urine is used in the preparation of various medicines for jaundice, anasarca and allied diseases. The following is an illustration.

Punarnavά mandura.1 Take of Boerhaavia diffusa (punarnavά) Ipomoea Turpethum (trivrit), ginger, long pepper, black pepper, bάberang seeds, devadάru wood, plumbago root, pάtchak root, the three myrobalans, turmeric, wood of Berberis Asiatic, (dάruharidra) root of Baliospermum montanum, (danti), Piper Chaba (chavikά), indrajava seeds, root of Picrorrhiza Kurroa (katuki), long pepper root and the tubers of Cyperus rotundus (mustaka), equal parts; iron rust in weight equal to twice that of all the other ingredients; mix them together and boil the mixed powder in eight times its weight of cow's urine till the watery part is evaporated. Dose, about twenty-two grains, in jaundice, ascites, anasarca, enlargements of the abdominial viscera, painful dyspepsia, etc.

Marichadya taila. Take of mustard oil four seers, cow's urine sixteen seers, aconite eight tolas, orpiment, realgar, black pepper, milky juice of Calotropis gigantea (arka), root of Nerium odorum (karavira) root of Ipomcea Turpethum (trivrit), colocynth root, Aplotaxis auricilata (kushtha), turmeric, wood of Berberis Asiatica (dάruliaridra), devadaru wood, and red sandal wood, each four tolas, and prepare an oil in the usual way. This oil is said to be useful in leucoderma, chronic prurigo and other obstinate skin diseases.1 ---------