The Spirits are solutions of volatile substances in Alcohol. They comprise (1) the Distilled Spirits; (2) the Aromatic Spirits, or so-called "Essences"; and (3) the Medicinal Spirits. The Distilled Spirits are:

Spiritus Frumenti (Whiskey), containing Alcohol 44-55 percent. by volume. Spiritus Vini Gallici (Brandy), containing Alcohol 46-55 percent. by volume.

The Aromatic Spirits are made by dissolving the respective oils or aromatic principles in Alcohol:

Cc. in 100 Cc, Spiritus - or percentage by vol.

Amygdalae Amarae (water 19) .................................bitter almond oil

1.

Anisi...................................................................................... anise oil

10.

Aurantii Comp..........................................................oil of orange peel

20.

oils, anise 0.5; coriander 2; lemon

5.

Camphorae..............................................................................camphor

10.

Cinnamomi....................................................................... cinnamon oil

10.

Galutheriae.................................................................... wintergreen oil

5.

Juniperi............................................................................... juniper oil

5.

Juniperi Compositus . oil of juniper 0.4; oil of cara-

way 0.05; oil of fennel 0.05;

alcohol 70; water to make

100.

Lavandulae............................................................................lavender oil

5.

Menthae Piperitae...................................................peppermint herb I;oil

10.

Menthae Viridis..................spearmint herb 1; oil

10.

These are chiefly used for flavoring purposes; some are used medicinally as aromatic stimulants and carminatives in doses of from 15-30 minims (1-2 Cc); Spiritus Amygdalae Amarae contains Hydrocyanic Acid, and is never used internally except in very small quantities as a flavor.

The Medicinal Spirits are made by solutions of the medicinal substance in Alcohol.

The following are official:

Cc. in 100 C.c,

Spiritus - or percentage by vol.

aetheris..............................................ether (C2H5)2O

32.5

aetheris Comp. (Hoffmann's Anodyne) . ethereal oil

2.5

ether

32.5

Chlorformi.............................................chlooroform

6.

By weight.

aetheris Nitrosi (Sweet Spirit of Nitre). ethyl nitrite

4.

Ammoniae Aromaticus........water 20; ammonia water

10.

Ammoniae Aromaticus . . water 20; ammonia water

9.

ammonia carb.

34

oils, lavender, nutmeg, each 0.1; lemon oil

1.

Glycerylis Nitratis......................................nitroglycein

1.

The dose of these Spirits is from 30 to 60 minims (2 to 4 Cc.; about 75 to 150 "drops"), except the Ammonia Spirit, used only in the preparation of Liniments (externally), and that of Glyceryl Nitrate, of which the dose is 1 minim (0.06 Cc).