Some of the other manufacturers of this time, whose names are scarcely known now, but who nevertheless produced good work, were the following : France, a neighbour of Chippendale's in St. Martin's Lane; Charles Elliott; Campbell and Sons; Thomas Johnson; Copeland; Robert Davy; a celebrated chair-maker named Manwaring, and Mathias Lock. Of these men little is known of France, Elliott, and Campbell, save that they held appointments as cabinet makers to the King, the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York, but of Mathias Lock, Copeland, and Johnson, there is more information available.

Thomas Johnson was a carver who carried on business in Queen Street, near Seven Dials, Holborn, and published several books of designs for furniture. His first work, entitled "Twelve Girandoles," appeared in 1755, and his second in 1758 contained a number of drawings of chairs still more flamboyant than those of Chippendale.

ENGLISH FURNITURE LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

Mrs. R. S. Clouston's contention that we can trace Chippendale's more rococo style, which is evident in the second edition of his "Director," published in 1759, to the influence of Johnson's work of the previous year, may be correct.

Mathias Lock also published designs, both separately and in collaboration with Copeland, and as some of his original drawings are preserved in the South Kensington Library, they are available for examination. There are also some interesting memoranda attached to them, from which it appears that five shillings a day was at that time the full wage of a skilful wood-carver.

Manwaring also published a book which contained his designs for chairs, similar to Chippendale's, but with some technical differences, and as Mrs. Clouston has so carefully investigated them it is only fair to quote from her article in the "Connoisseur " of March, 1904 : "The method in which the top rail joins itself to the design of the splat, the plain square leg in conjunction with a carved back, the bracket and the shaped front, would each of them have been unlikely in Chippendale's work, but are all typical of Manwaring."

A. Heppelwhite and Co.

Towards the latter part of Chippendale's time, i.e., in 1789, the firm of A. Heppelwhite and Co. published a book of designs.

This valuable work of reference contains a hundred and twenty-seven copperplates with three hundred drawings of furniture, and is entitled "The Cabinet maker and Upholsterer's Guide, etc" So little attention comparatively, has been paid to this designer and manufacturer of late eighteenth-century furniture, by writers on the subject, that it may be of some service to the reader to quote the list of patterns illustrated:

"Chairs Stools Sofas Confidante Duchesse Side-boards Pedestals and Vases Cellerets Commodes Rudd's table Bidets Night tables Bason stands Wardrobes Bed pillars Knife cases Desk and Bookcases Secretary and Bookcases Library cases Library tables Reading desks Chests of drawers Urn stands Pot cupboards.