The wooden pump of Fig. 134 furnishes a good illustration of a type that was formerly used in great numbers. It is an inexpensive and efficient pump made almost entirely of wood except the cylinder which is quite generally made of iron, lined with enamel. The valve and the piston with its valves are made of wood, but faced with leather to insure tight joints. The piston is also provided with leather packing to make it tight in the cylinder. The action of the pump is the same as that already described. The wooden tube is made in sections joined together by taper joints that are driven into place. •

Fig. 133. - Sectional view of a well with an iron cylinder pump, placed for deep-well pumping.

Fig. 134. - Sectional view of a well and wooden pump for shallow pumping.

The piece at the side of the pump is provided to drain the water from above the piston, as a precaution against freezing during extremely cold weather. The rod, when raised, opens an orifice that leads to the inside of the pump and permits the water to drain into the well.