Water And Spirit Stains For Wood
Description
This section is from the book "Paint And Varnish Facts And Formulae", by J. N. Hoff. Also available from Amazon: The Industrial And Artistic Technology Of Paint And Varnish.
Water And Spirit Stains For Wood
Blue
Blue Black
Extract of Logwood dissolved in alcohol to which sufficient Indigo is added.
Brown
Mix equal parts of solution of Logwood extract and solution of saffron, dilute with alcohol and add some tin solution.
Brownish Red
Mix a decoction of Brazil wood with some solution of tin.
Crimson
Solution of cochineal in alcohol. Dragon's blood dissolved in alcohol gives more of a mahogany tone.
Dark Grey
Use first, extract of gall nuts, then, solution sulphate of iron, and, finally, dilute solution of Indigo.
Greenish
Extract of saffron with addition of some Indigo solution.
Green
Same as above, with more Indigo.
Greenish Grey
Decoction of gall nuts, sulphate of iron and fustic with some Indigo solution.
Yellowish Gray
Decoction of Persian berries, mixed with solution sulphate of iron.
Cherry Red
Decoction of Brazil wood diluted with alcohol to which some solution of tin is added.
Orange
Annatto or saffron dissolved in alcohol.
Rod. - Solution of cochineal mixed with saffron solution.
Rose Color
Cochineal and alum water.
Straw Color
First, decoction of Persian berries, then weak solution of tin.
Solution of gall nuts is made by steeping powdered gall nuts in alcohol and straining after standing a day of two.
Sulphate of iron solution is made of copperas dissolved in alcohol. Extract of Logwood dissolved in alcohol gives the Logwood solution.
Solutions of Brazil wood, fustic, and Persian berries are made by steeping in hot water.
Cochineal solution is made by boiling cochineal in double its weight of ammonia water until the ammonia smell is no longer present. Mix the residue with alcohol and filter. Use a gentle heat when treating the cochineal with ammonia.
Indigo solution is made by dissolving indigo in four times its weight of strong sulphuric acid. Allow it to settle, and dilute with water.
Solution Of Tin
Dissolve 50 parts of tin in 50 parts of hydrochloric acid by boiling.
Various aniline colors, both soluble in oil and water can be purchased at a reasonable price, considering their great strength or staining power. The stain is made by simply dissolving the aniline in the linseed oil, turpentine, water, or alcohol, and applying at the desired strength. Such stains can be made at a cost of little more than the actual cost of the oil or turpentine, or from water, at a cost of a few cents per gallon. Varnish stains can be made by dissolving the aniline colors in a little turpentine and stirring the varnish with the color. Many varnish stains on the market are produced in this way. By making your own, you can get the exact color and strength desired, and be sure of having a good grade of varnish, whereas, in purchasing the ready made article, it is often uncertain, and the price is always about four times what you can produce the same article for.
The anilines give clear brilliant tones, and while some fade a little, for the most part, they are fairly permanent, especially when protected with varnish.
For absolute permanency, the earth pigments are best, but the brilliant clear effects are more difficult to procure.
We give a list of the most satisfactory pigment stains which cost, in oil, about 60 cents per gallon, and in varnish, from 40 to 75 cents, according to the varnish used.
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