The following table gives the approximate exposures under varying conditions of light when using stop f.16. If stop f.1 1 is used, give one-half the time ; with f.8 give one-fourth the time ; with stop f.6.3 give one-sixth the time : If stop f.22 is used give twice the time ; with stop f.32 give four times ; and if stop f.45 is used, give eight times the exposure given in the table. The smaller the stop the sharper the picture, see pages 244 or 21. Stop f.16 gives the best average results for interiors : White walls and more than one window : bright sun outside, 4 seconds ; hazy sun, 10 seconds ; cloudy bright, 30 seconds ; cloudy dull, 40 seconds. White walls and only one window: bright sun outside, 6 seconds ; hazy sun, 15 seconds; cloudy bright, 40 seconds ; cloudy dull, 60 seconds. Medium coloured walls and hangings and more than one window : bright sun outside, 8 seconds ; hazy sun, 20 seconds ; cloudy bright, 40 seconds ; cloudy dull, 80 seconds. Medium coloured walls and hangings and only one window : bright sun outside, 12 seconds ; hazy sun, 30 seconds ; cloudy bright, 60 seconds ; cloudy dull, 120 seconds. Dark coloured walls ami hangings and more than one window : bright sun outside, 20 seconds ; hazy sun, 40 seconds ; cloudy bright, 80 seconds ; cloudy dull, 2 minutes, 40 sees. (Messrs. Kodak, Ltd.)

Exposure Table

Subject.

Ordinary Plate

Medium Plate.

Rapid Plate or Film.

Extra Rapid Plate.

Ultra Rapid.

;

sec.

sec.

sec.

sec.

sec.

Open seascapes and cloud

; ; ; ; ;

studies

1/30

1/45

1/90

1/120

1/150

Open landscapes with no

; ; ; ; ;

very heavy shadows in

; ; ; ; ;

foreground. Shipping

; ; ; ; ;

studies or seascapes

; ; ; ; ;

with rocks, beach

; ; ; ; ;

scenes ....

1/18

1/30

1/50

1/70

1/90

Ordinary landscapes with

; ; ; ; ;

not too much foliage,

; ; ; ; ;

open river scenery, fig-

; ; ; ; ;

ure studies in the open,

; ; ; ; ;

light buildings, wet

; ; ; ; ;

street scenes, etc.....

1/10

1/15

1/30

1/40

1/50

Landscapes in fog or mist,

; ; ; ; ;

or with strong fore-

; ; ; ; ;

ground. Well-lighted

; ; ; ; ;

street scenes ........

1/8

1/12

1/25

1/30

1/40

Buildings or trees occu-

; ; ; ; ;

pying greater portion

; ; ; ; ;

of picture. River scenes

; ; ; ; ;

with heavy foliage ....

1/4

1/6

1/10

1/15

1/20

Portraits or groups taken

; ; ; ; ;

out of doors, not too

; ; ; ; ;

much shut in by build-

; ; ; ; ;
;

1

2/3

1/3

1/4

1/5

Portraits in well-lighted

; ; ; ; ;

room, light surround-

; ; ; ; ;

ings, big window and

; ; ; ; ;

white reflector

4

3

11/2

1

3/4

Exposures calculated for aperture f8 mid-day summer.

For aperture f.4-5

divide by 4

f.5-6

2

f.11

multiply by 2

f.16

4

f.22 ............

8

After 4 p.m. and before 11 a.m.....

2

Between September and March

2

(Messrs. Houghton-Butcher Ltd.)