Berditchev (Pol. Berdyczew), a city of Russia, in the government and about 85 m. W. S. W. of Kiev; pop. in 1867, 53,787, mostly Polish Jews. It is the centre of trade between southern Russia and Germany. Five annual fairs are held in the city, the greatest of which are those in June and August. Large herds of horses and horned cattle are brought thither by Russians, Tartars, and Kirghizes, besides furs, silks, fancy stuffs, glass, wood, and iron ware, salt, fish, corn, and beet sugar, by merchants from different parts of the country and from Poland. Berditchev has wide streets with large squares, well built houses, an exchange, many warehouses, 10 tobacco factories, and factories for silk, perfumes, tallow candles, oil, wax, and leather. Many pilgrims are attracted by a miraculous image of the Virgin in the Carmelite convent. In 1765 King Stanislas Augustus of Poland, to which country the town then belonged, established 10 markets in Berditchev, since which time the city has been growing in commercial importance.