I. Augnste Hilarion de, a French statesman and author, born in Rennes, Oct. 28, 1769, died in November, 1859. He inherited the title of count, but never- used it, and though sympathizing with the revolution was twice arrested. He became a deputy in 1818, and again in 1822 and 1827, and warmly supported liberal measures, publishing vigorous pamphlets against the restoration of the censorship; and he was one of the principal promoters of the overthrow of Charles X. and of the accession of Louis Philippe, who made him a peer in 1837. In 1849 he was once more chosen to the legislative assembly, where he exasperated the radicals by his opening address as the oldest member. He strenuously opposed Louis Napoleon, and was among those who were arrested Dec. 2, 1851, but was soon' released. His principal works are: Inductions morales et philosophiques (Paris, 1817); Du beau dans les arts d'imitation (3 vols., 1822); Les derniers des Beaumanoir, ou la tour d'Helvin, a romance (4 vols., 1824); Du culte, etc. (1825); Frederic Styndall, a novel (5 vols., 1827); Saphira, ou Paris et Rome sous l'empire (3 vols., 1835); and Une fin de siecle, ou Huit ans (2 vols., 1840). II. Emile de, count, a French politician, son of the preceding, born in Paris, March 20, 1832. He served in Algeria, the Crimea, and Mexico, and retired from the army in 1866. In 1869-70 he was prominent in the corps legislatif as an active opponent of Napoleon, though he approved of the war against Prussia. Subsequently he was successively prefect of police, general under Gambetta for the organization of recruits, and prefect at Toulouse and Marseilles; but his quarrelsome disposition involved him in difficulties almost everywhere.

He has published plays and miscellaneous writings, several relating to the Mexican expedition, and has been often connected with periodical literature, and lately with the newspaper Le Soir.