La Camargue, an island of France, which forms the S. W. portion of the department of Bouches-du-Rhone, and lies between the E. and W. mouths of the Rhone; length N. and ft., 25 m.; greatest breadth E. and W., 21 m.; area, 250 sq. m. It is a delta of alluvium resting on sand, and is supposed to have been formed since the time of Julius Caesar. It is protected from the inundations of the river by dikes. In the interior are low lands impregnated with salt, reedy marshes, and large lakes communicating with the sea. The largest of these lakes is Valcares. The river valleys are cultivated, and the remainder of the island is devoted to pasturage. The sheep are wintered on the island, but in spring are driven to the pastures on the Alps. The principal products are corn, fruit, timber, rice, and salt. The vine, olive, and mulberry flourish, and madder is raised. The island gives its name to a species of half-wild cattle and horses which are found upon it and in the neighboring marshes.