1618. C before a, o, and u, and in gome other situations, is a close articulation, like k. Before e i and y c is precisely equivalent to sin same,this, as in cedar, civil, cypress, capacity.

1619 E final indicates that the preceding vowel is long, as in hate, mete, sire, robe lyre, abate, recede, invite, remote, intrude.

1620. E final indicates that preced-ding has the sound of s, as in lace, lance; and that g preceding has the sound of j, as in charge, page, challenge.

1621. E final in proper English words, never forms a syllable, and in most used words, in the terminating unaccented syllable, it is silent. Thus, motive, genuine, examine, juvenile, reptile, granite, are pronounced motiv, genuin, examin. juvenil, reptil, granit.

1622. E final in a few words of foreign origin, forms a syllable, as syn-cope, simile.

1623. E final is silent after l in the following terminations, ble, cle, dle,flc, gle, hie, ple, tle, zle; as in able, manacle, cradle, ruffle, mangle, wrinkle, supple, rattle, puzzle, which are pronounced abl, manacl, cra'dl, ruf'fl, man'gl, wrinkl, sup'pl, pus'zl.

1624. E is usually silent in the termination en, as in token, broken; pronounced tokn, brokn.

1625. Ous

Ous in the termination of adjectives and their derivatives is pronounced us, as in gracious,pivus, pompously.

1626. Ce, Ci, Ti

Ce, Ci, Ti, before a vowel have the sound of sh; as in cetaceous, gracious, motion, partial, ingratiate, pronounced cetashus, grashus, moshon, parshal, ingrashiate.

1627. Ti

Ti, after a consonant,have the sound of ch, as in Christian, bastion; pronounced Chrischan, baschan.

1628. Si

Si, after an accented vowel, are pronourced like zh, as in Ephesian, confusion; pronounced Ephezian, confu-zhan.

1629. When CI or TI precede simi-lar combinations, as in pronunciation, negotiation, they may be pronounced ce, instead of she, to prevent a repetition of the latter syllable j as pronuncca-'ton, instead of pronunsheashon.

1630. Gh

Gh, both in the middle and at the end of words are silent; as in caught, bought,fright, nigh sigh; cant, baut frite, ni, si. In the following exeeplions, however, GH are pronounced as F: - cough, chough, dough, enough, laugh, rough, slough, tough, trough.

1631. When WH begin a word, the aspirate h precedes w in pronunciation; as in what, whiff, whale; pronounced hwat, hwiff, hwiff, w having precisely the sound of oo: French ou. In the following words w is silent: - who whom, whose, whoop, whole.

1632. II after r has no sound or use; as in rheum, rhyme; pronounced reum, ryme.

1633. H should be sounded in the middle of words; as in forehead, abhtor, be/told, ex/must, inhabit, unhorse.

1634. H should always be sounded except in the following words; - heir, herb, honest, honour, hospital, hostler, hour, humour, and humble, and all their derivatives; - (See 279) - such as humorously, derived from humour.

1635. K and g are silent before n; as know, gnaw; pronounced no, naw.

1636. W before r is silent; as in wring, wreath; pronounced ring, reath.

1637. B after in is silent; as iu dumb, numb; pronounced dum, num.

1638. L before k is silent; as in baulk, rcalk, talk; pronounced bank, wauk, tank. (See 1663.)

1639. PH have the sound of f; as in philosophy; pronounced filosophy.

1640. NG has two sounds; one as in singer - the other as in finger.

1641. N after m, and closing a syllable, is silent, as in hymn, condemn.

1642. P before s and t is mute, as in psalm, pseudo, ptarmigan; pronounced tarn, sudoy tarmigan.

1643. R has two sounds, one strong and vibrating, as at the beginning of words and syllables, such as robber, reckon, error; the other as at the terminations of words, or when it is succeeded by a consonant, as farmer, morn.

1644. Before the letter R there is a slight sound of e between the vowel and the consonant. Thus, bare,parent, apparent, mere, mire, more, pure, pyre, are pronounced nearly baer, paercnt, ap-paerent, me-er, mier moer, puer, pyer. This pronunciation proceeds from the peculiar articulation of r, and it occa sions a slight change of the sound of a, which can only be learned by the ear.

1645. There are other rules of pronunciation affecting the combinations of vowels, etc.; but as they are more difficult to describe, and as they do not relate to errors which are com monly prevalent, we shall content our selves with giving examples of them in the following list of words:

1646. Words with their Pronunciations.

Again, a-gen, not as spelled.

Alien, ale-yen, not a-lye-n.

Antipodes, an-tip-o-dees,

Apostle, without the t.

Arch, artch in compounds of our own language, as in archbishop, arenduke; but ark in words derived from the Greek, as archaic, ar-ka-ik; archaeology, ar-ke ol-o-gy; archangel, ark-ain-gel; archetype, ar-ke-type; archiepiscopal, ar-ke-e-pis-co-pal; archipelago, ar-ke-pel-a-go; archives, ar-kivz; etc.