This section is from the book "Facts Worth Knowing", by Robert Kemp Philip. Also available from Amazon: Inquire Within for Anything You Want to Know.
Accent is a particular stress or force of the voice upon certain syllables or words. This mark ' in printing denotes the syllable upon which the stress or force of the voice should be placed.
1603. A Word may have more than one accent. Take as an instance as piration. In uttering this word we give a marked emphasis of the voice upon the first and third syllables, and therefore those syllables are said to be accented. The first of these accents is less distinguishable than the second, upon which we dwell longer, therefore the second accent is called the primary, or chief accent of the word.
1604. When the full accent falls on a vowel, that vowel should have a long sound, as in vocal; but when it falls on a consonant, the precediug vowel has a short sound, as in habit.
1605. To obtain a good knowledge of pronunciation, it is advisatle for the reader to listen to the examples given by good speaker!, and by educated persons. We learn the pronunciation of words, to a great extent, by imitation, just as birds acquire the notes of other birds which may be near them.
1606. But it will be very important to bear in mind that there are many words having a double meaning or application, and that the difference of meaning is indicated by the difference of the accent. Among these words, nouns are distinguished from verbs by this means: Nouns are accented on the first syllable, and verbs on the last.
1607. Noun signifies name; nouns are the names of persons and things; as well as of things not material and palpable, but of which we have a conception and knowledge, such as courage, firmness, goodness, strength; and verbs express actions, movements, etc If the word used signifies that anything has been done, or is being done, or is, or is to be done, - then that word is a verb.
1G08. Thus, when we say that anything is an "in'sult," that word is a noun, and is accented on the first syllable; but when we say "he did it to insult' another person," the word insult implies acting, and becomes a verb, and should be accented on the last syllable. The effect is, that, in speaking, you should employ a different pronunciation in the use of the same word, when uttering such sentences as these:-"What an in'sult!" "Do you mean to insult' me V In the first instance you would lay the stress of voice upon the in', and in the latter case upon the suit'.
1609. We will now give a list of nearly all the words that are liable to this variation: -
Ab'ject
Ab'sent
Ab'stract
Accent
Affix
As'sign
At'tribute
Aug'ment
Bombard
To abject'
To absent'
To abstract'
To accent'
To affix'
To aseign'
To attribute'
To augment'
To bombard'
Colleague
Col lect
Com'pact
Com'plot
Com'pound
Com'press
Con'cert
Con'crete
Con'duct
Con'fect
Confine
Con'flict
Con'serve
Con'sort
Con'test
Context
Con'tract
Contrast
Con'vert
Con'verse
Con'vict
Con'voy
Des'cant
Des'ert
Detail
Di'gest
Dis'cord
Dis'count
Es'cort
Es'say
Exile
Ex'port
Ex'tract
Fer'ment
Fore'taste
Fre'quent
Im'part
Im'port
Im'press
In'cense
In'crease ln'lay
In'sult
Object
Perfume
Per'mit
Pre'fix
Pre'mise
Presage
Pre'sent
Pro'duce
Proj'ect
To colleague'
To collect'
To compact'
To complot'
To compound'
To com press'
To concert'
To concrete'
To conduct'
To confecf To confine'
To conflict'
To conserve'
To consorf To contest'
To context'
To contract'
To contrast'
To convert'
To converse'
To convict'
To convoy'
To descant To deserf To detail'
To digest'
To discord'
To discountf To escort'
To essay'
To exile'
To export To extract To ferment To foretaste To frequent To impart To import'
To impress'
To incense'
To increase'
To inlay To insult'
To object'
To perfume'
To permit To prefix'
To premise'
To presage'
To present To produce To project'
Prot'est Reb'el Rec'ord Refuse Retail Subject Survey Torment Traject Transfer Transport 1610. Cement'
To protest'
To rebel'
To record'
To refuse'
To retail'
To subject
To survey'
To torment
To traject'
To transfer'
To transport' is an exception to the above rule, and should always be accented on the last syllable. So also the word consols'.
1611. As a general principle, it may be observed that the syllables of a word are those divisions which are made in a correct pronunciation of it.
1612. The following are, perhaps, the only definite rules that can be given cm this subject.
1613. Two consonants forming but Due sound, as ng, ch, th, sh, ph, wh, are never separated. Thus, we write church-cs, xcorthy, feath-er, ringing, a-tchile, ocean, cian, ceous, cious, cial, tian, tion, tious, tial, geon, gion, geous, gious, sion and sier are seldom divided. Thus, we write, na-tion, o-cean, capa-cious, pi-geon, cap-tious.
1614. Compound words are commonly separated into the simple words, of which they are composed; as, careless, bee-hire, rail- road.
1615. The termination ed, though not always pronounced separately, is regarded in writing as a distinct syllable; as lov-ed, burn-ed.
1616 Derivative and grammatical terminations should generally be separated from the radical word; as, greatly, teach-er, rusk-est, prov-est.
 
Continue to: