Julius Caesar invaded Britain, 55 b. c.

French Revolution, 1789; Reign of Terror, 1793.

Bunker Hill and Lexington were fought in 1775.

A rifle ball moves at one thousand miles per hour.

War was declared with Great Britain June 19, 1812.

War has cost France six million lives in this century.

The mercantile and armed navies of the world have 1,693,000 seamen.

Flint-lock muskets came into use about 1692; percussion caps in 1820.

The first fire-arms were rude hand cannon, made at Perugia, Italy, in 1346.

Franc-tireurs was the name of the French sharp-shooters in the war of 1870-71.

"Bravest of the Brave," was the title given to Marshal Ney at Fried-land, 1807.

A battalion is the unit of command in infantry; a regiment is the administration unit.

Juvenal says that even those who do not wish to kill a man are willing to have that power.

Crecy, Poictiers, and Agincourt were won with the long-bow, then England's favorite war weapon.

Ishmael is mentioned as an archer, Gen. xxi, 20, and probably among the first known warriors.

The proportion of men capable of bearing arms is estimated at twenty-five per cent of the population.

The officers of the Swedish navy are considered as military officers, and in full dress are obliged to wear spurs.

The first steam vessel to engage in a naval battle was operated by the Spanish in the Don Carlos civil war of 1836.

It was Washington who said that to be prepared for war is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace.

Hetman was a title formerly borne by a general of Cossack troops; it was an elective rank, but gave absolute authority.

The military chest is a technical name for the money and negotiable securities carried with an army, and intended to defray the current expenses.

The Seven Weeks' War is the term sometimes applied to the Austro-Prussian war of 1866, which lasted from the middle of June till the end of July.

The form of breech-loading needle gun, adopted by the French army in 1866, was the invention of one Alphonse Chassepot, and was named in his honor.

When Louis XI. asked Marshal de Trivulce what was needed to make war, the answer came: "Three things, Sire; money, more money, always money."

The victors' share in property captured from the vanquished is called booty. It is generally a military term, the word prize being more commonly used in the navy.

In 1040 the Church forbid warriors from all combat between Wednesday of Passion Week and the following Monday - this interval hence being called the "Truce of God."

When a power maintains an armed force, and prepares itself for war on the outbreak of hostilities between other powers, it is said to assume an attitude of "armed neutrality."

According to Napoleon, the proportions of an army should be seventy per cent infantry, seventeen per cent cavalry, and thirteen per cent between artillery, engineers and train.

Spahi is the Turkish form of the Persian word Sipahi (from which we get Sepoy), and was the term for the irregular cavalry of the Turkish armies before the reorganization of 1836.

A sabretache is a leather case for carrying letters, etc. It is usually attached to the sword-belt of hussars and of most mounted officers. In the latter case it is often highly ornamented.

In the military language of the middle ages the term cap-a-pie" was applied to a knight or soldier armed at all points, or from head to foot, with armor for defence and weapons for attack.

The word cartel means variously a challenge and a written agreement between belligerents for an exchange of prisoners. Cartel ship is a vessel commissioned to convey exchanged prisoners.

Belgium is called the "cock pit" of Europe because it has been the site of more European battles than any other country, e. g.: Oudenarde, Ramillies, Fontenoy, Fleurus, Jemappes, Ligny, Quatre Bras, Waterloo, etc.

A countersign is a watchword used in military affairs to prevent unauthorized persons passing a line of sentries whose orders are to stop any one unable to give it. It is changed by the commanding officer every day.

The greatest number of war prisoners at one time at Andersonville was 33,006. The number of escapes was 328. The total number of deaths was 12,462, about one-third of which took place in the stockade and two-thirds in the hospital.

The "Victoria Cross," which we often read of having been conferred upon some British soldier for conspicuous bravery, is of the Maltese form, made from Russian cannon captured at Sebastopol.

A court-martial is a court for the trial of all persons subject to military law or to the regulations of the navy. It is composed, according to circumstances, of a certain number of officers of the service involved.

Sealed orders in the navy are orders which are delivered to the commanding officer of a ship or squadron sealed up, and only to be opened after the ship or squadron has put to sea and proceeded to a certain point previously designated.

Suits of a uniform color and pattern for soldiers in the British army date from 1674, when the foot guards were clad in gray. The introduction of a regular uniform for sailors dates from 1748, when the "blue jacket" become customary.

The cockpit in the ship of war is the compartment in the lower part of the ship where the wounded are attended to during action. The surgery and the dispensary which contains the medicine chests for the ship's company adjoin the cockpit.

What we call the Mexican war (June 4, 1845 to February 2, 1848), was between the United States and Mexico. The Americans captured the city of Mexico September 14, 1847. The treaty of peace was signed Feburary 2, and ratified May 19, 1848.

At the close of the Franco-German war the Germans took from the French 7,234 pieces of cannon, including 3,485 field pieces and 3,300 fortress guns. At the battle of Waterloo the British artillery fired 9,467 rounds, or one for every Frenchman killed.