I. NATURE

Sec. 3072. Nature of alteration.

Sec. 3073. Alteration distinguished from modification before execution - As to parties assenting thereto Sec. 3074. As to parties who do not assent thereto Sec. 3075. Alteration distinguished from modification after execution by mutual consent - As to parties assenting thereto. f 3076. As to non-assenting parties. Sec. 3077. Alteration distinguished from spoliation

II. PARTIES TO ALTERATION

Sec. 3078. Party by whom alteration may be committed - Agent.

Sec. 3079. Depository.

Sec. 3080. Who can take advantage of alteration as discharge.

III METHOD OK MAKlNG ALTERATION

Sec. 3081. Method of making alteration - Cancellation and erasure.

Sec. 3082 Filling blank, as alteration.

Sec. 3083 Filling blanks-Effect of Negotiable Instruments Law.

Sec. 3084. What constitutes a blank-Negligence of promisor.

Sec. 3085 Change in memoranda on instrument.

Sec. 3086. Addition of memoranda.

Sec. 3087. Detachment of memoranda and mutilation of instrument.

Sec. 3088. Retracing words of original instrument.

IV. INTENT TO MAKE ALTERATION

Sec. 3089. Correction of mistake - Theory that correction is not alteration.

Sec. 3090. Defective attempt to correct mistake.

Sec. 3091. Theory that correction of mistake is alteration.

Sec. 3092. Unintentional change not alteration.

V. MATERIALITY OF ALTERATIONS

Sec. 3093. Classes of alterations - Material alterations. Sec. 3094. What constitute material alterations - Change in parties. Sec. 3095. Addition of new party.

Sec. 3096. Addition of surety as affecting primary debtor. Sec. 3097. Addition or mutilation of seal. Sec. 3098. Change in attesting witnesses. Sec. 3099. Change in date. Sec. 3100. Change in subject-matter. 5429

Sec. 3101. Change in rate of interest.

Sec. 3102. Change in negotiability.

Sec. 3103 Change in place of performance

Sec. 3104. Other changes in written contracts.

Sec. 3105. Immaterial alterations - Body of instrument and memoranda.

Sec. 3106. Alteration of marginal figures.

VI PRESUMPTIONS, INFERENCES, ETC.

Sec. 3107. Questions of law and fact

Sec. 3108. Presumption as to date of alteration.

Sec. 3109. Presumption as to whether alteration is fraudulent.

VII EFFECT OF ALTERATION AND SPOLIATION

Sec. 3110. Effect of material alteration on liability on contract - Non-negotiable instrument.

Sec. 3111. Negotiable instruments before the Negotiable Instruments Law.

Sec. 3112. Negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Law.

Sec. 3113. Right of recovery upon original consideration - Innocent material alteration.

Sec. 3114. Fraudulent material alteration.

Sec. 3115. Effect of alteration of collateral instrument.

Sec. 3116. Effect of immaterial alteration on liability on contract.

Sec. 3117. Ratification of alteration.

Sec. 3118. Effect of subsequent restoration of contract to original form.

Sec. 3119. Effect of spoliation - Theory that spoliation operates as discharge.

Sec. 3120 Effect of spoliation - Theory that spoliation is without legal effect

VIII. MODIFICATION OF CONTRACT AS AFFECTING NON-ASSENTING PARTIES

Sec. 3121. Modification of contract discharging surety - General principles. Sec. 3122. Effect of discharge of surety on liability of remaining sureties. Sec. 3123. Extension of time as discharge of surety under Negotiable Instruments Law.