5. Fraxinus Pennsylvànica Marsh. Green, Red, Blue Or Black Ash

Fig. 3318

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Arb. Am. 51. 1785. Fraxinus pubescens Lam. Encycl. 2: 548. 1786. Fraxinus lanceolata Borck. Handb. Forst. Bot. 1:

826. 1800. Fraxinus viridis Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. 3: 115.

pl. 10. 1813.

A tree with maximum height of about 650 and trunk diameter of 3o, glabrous or nearly so throughout, or the twigs and leaves more or less pubescent, sometimes densely so. Leaflets 5-9, stalked, entire or denticulate, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or acute at the apex, mostly narrowed at the base, green on both sides, 2'-6' long, 1'-2' wide; flowers dioecious, the calyx of the pistillate persistent; anthers linear-oblong; samara 1'-2' long, the usually spatulate wing de-current on the sides of the body sometimes to below the middle.

Moist soil, New Brunswick to Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Wood hard, strong, brown; weight per cubic foot 44 lbs. Water-, swamp- or river-ash. April-May.

Fraxinus campèstris Britton, with the lateral leaflets sessile, is a similar tree of the western plains, ranging eastward into Kansas.

6. Fraxinus Profunda Bush. Pumpkin Ash

Fig. 3319

Fraxinus americana profunda Bush, Ann. Rep. Mo.

Bot. Gard. 5: 147. 1894. Fraxinus profunda Bush; Britton, Man. 725. 1901.

A tree up to 120o high, the thick bark gray and fissured, the young twigs velvety or smooth. Leaves large; leaflets 7-9, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, stalked, acuminate at the apex, bright green above, paler and pubescent or velvety beneath. 10' long or less, the margins entire or nearly so; samara linear-oblong or slightly spatulate, 2'-3' long, 4"-6" broad, the rather thick, often notched wing longer than the linear, flattened seed-bearing part, and decurrent upon it to or below the middle.

In swamps, Virginia to western New York. Illinois, Missouri, Florida and Arkansas. April-May.

7. Fraxinus Caroliniana Mill. Water Or Carolina Ash

Fig. 3320

F. caroliniana Mill. Dict. Ed. 8, no. 6. 1768.

F. platycarpa Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 256. 1803.

A small tree, rarely over 400 high, the trunk reaching about 1° in diameter, with terete twigs and glabrous or slightly pubescent foliage. Leaflets 5-7 (rarely 9), ovate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acuminate or acute at the apex, narrowed, or the lower ones rounded at the base, long-stalked (4"-8"), sharply serrate, serrulate or sometimes entire, 2'-s' long, 1/2'-1 1/2' wide; flowers dioecious, the calyx of the pistillate persistent; anthers linear-oblong; samara 1-2' long, 4"-9" wide, elliptic or spatulate, the body linear, flat, broadly winged all around, extending more than half way to the apex of the fruit, the wing pinnately veined; samaras sometimes 3-winged.

In swamps and wet soil, southeastern Virginia to Florida, Missouri, Arkansas and Texas. Also in Cuba. Wood light, soft, weak, yellowish white; weight per cubic foot 22 lbs. Pop- or poppy-ash. March-April,